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GRP78 (BiP): A Multifunctional Cell Surface Receptor

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Cellular Trafficking of Cell Stress Proteins in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Heat Shock Proteins ((HESP,volume 6))

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Abstract

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), also known as BiP, plays a central role in a variety of physiological processes in human cells, including protein biogenesis, signal transduction, and calcium homeostasis. When expressed in plasma cell membranes, GRP78 functions as a receptor which recognizes extracellular ligands that stimulate cell proliferation, and may also behave as an autoantigen. GRP78 is a signaling receptor for activated α2-macroglobulin, plasminogen kringle 5, and microplasminogen, and serves as a co-receptor, associated with MHC-I, in viral entry of cocksackie B. It is also a receptor for entry of dengue fever and Borna disease viruses. Furthermore, it regulates tissue factor procoagulant activity, it functions as a receptor for the angiogenic peptides RoY and ADAM15, and is also a partner of the teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 (Cripto), T-cadherin, Par-4, and the DnaJ-like protein MTJ-1. These associations suggest a unique cell surface GRP78 topography which is compartmentalized to respond differently to agonists that bind to either its NH2- or COOH-terminal domains. In this chapter, we discuss the physiological characteristics of these interactions, and the possible mechanisms involved in transportation of GRP78 from the ER to the cell surface.

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  1. Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3712, 27710, Durham, NC, USA

    Mario Gonzalez-Gronow, Salvatore V. Pizzo & Uma K. Misra

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  1. Mario Gonzalez-Gronow
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  2. Salvatore V. Pizzo
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  3. Uma K. Misra
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Correspondence to Mario Gonzalez-Gronow .

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  1. Eastman Dental Institute, Div. Microbial Diseases, University College, London, Gray's Inn Road 256, London, WC1X 8LD, United Kingdom

    Brian Henderson

  2. School of Medicine & Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom

    A. Graham Pockley

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Gonzalez-Gronow, M., Pizzo, S., Misra, U. (2012). GRP78 (BiP): A Multifunctional Cell Surface Receptor. In: Henderson, B., Pockley, A. (eds) Cellular Trafficking of Cell Stress Proteins in Health and Disease. Heat Shock Proteins, vol 6. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4740-1_15

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