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Novel Genes from Wild Barley Hordeum spontaneum for Barley Improvement

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Advance in Barley Sciences

Abstract

Narrowing genetic basis is the bottleneck for modern plant improvement. Genetic variation in wild barley Hordeum spontaneum is much greater than that of either cultivated or landrace H. vulgare gene pool. It represents a valuable but underutilised gene pool for barley improvement as no biological isolation barriers exist between H. spontaneum and cultivated barley. Novel sources of new genes were identified from H. spontaneum for yield, quality, disease resistance and abiotic tolerance. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were mapped to all barley chromosomes. A QTL on chromosome 4H from the wild barley consistently increased yield by 7.7% across six test environments. Wild barley H. spontaneum was demonstrated as key genetic resource for drought and salinity tolerance. Two QTLs on chromosomes 2H and 5H increased grain yield by 12–22% under drought conditions. Several QTL clusters were present on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 4H, 6H and 7H from H. spontaneum for drought and salinity tolerance. Numerous candidate genes were identified to associate with tolerance to drought or salinity, and some of the candidate genes co-located with the QTLs for drought tolerance. QTLs/genes for resistance to powdery mildew, leaf rust and scald were mapped to all chromosomes. Scald resistance was found in at least five chromosome locations (1HS, 3H, 6HS, 7HL and 7HS) from H. spontaneum, and simple molecular markers were developed to accelerate transferring of these genes into cultivated barley. Novel beta-amylase allele from H. spontaneum was used to improve barley malting quality. Advanced backcross QTL provides an efficiency approach to transfer novel genes from H. spontaneum to cultivated barley.

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Acknowledgements

This project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30630047) and Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Xue Gong & Dongfa Sun

  2. Department of agriculture and food, western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Court, South Perth, Perth, WA, 6155, Australia

    Xue Gong, Chengdao Li & Reg Lance

  3. School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia

    Xue Gong & Guijun Yan

  4. Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia

    Chengdao Li

  5. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Huajiachi Campus, Hangzhou, 310029, China

    Guoping Zhang

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  1. Xue Gong
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Correspondence to Dongfa Sun .

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  1. Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China, People's Republic

    Guoping Zhang

  2. Dept. Agriculture Western Australia, Government of Western Australia, Baron Hay-Court 3, South Perth, 6151, West Australia, Australia

    Chengdao Li

  3. , Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 South Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100081, China, People's Republic

    Xu Liu

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Gong, X., Li, C., Zhang, G., Yan, G., Lance, R., Sun, D. (2013). Novel Genes from Wild Barley Hordeum spontaneum for Barley Improvement. In: Zhang, G., Li, C., Liu, X. (eds) Advance in Barley Sciences. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4682-4_6

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