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The Academic Profession in Europe: New Tasks and New Challenges pp 141–162Cite as

The Academic Profession: Quality Assurance, Governance, Relevance, and Satisfaction

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Abstract

The academic profession has been changing, hopefully improving. These changes affect the profession’s internal modes of regulation and its autonomy and ability to avoid the intervention of external forces. The professional tensions with which the academic profession has to live with nowadays are included by experts in at least in four categories: massification, knowledge economy, managerialism, and competition. In this context, the definition of academic profession has become ambiguous due to the interference between academic jobs and those of other professionals that are theoretically a sort of “satellites” of the academia.

It is clear that higher education faces new opportunities and new challenges in its role as actor to a more globalised society. Universities are under growing political pressure for reform in face of more acute competition for public resources in tandem with a marked slowdown in the growth of funding. In the same time, the universities are held responsible for quality assurance in respect of institutions’ academic activities.

A major challenge in higher education is to demonstrate relevance and educational quality to an increasingly wide range of stakeholders’ conflicting expectations in the name of “accountability”. The concept of “social relevance” gains prominence. Relevance and importance of higher education need to be evaluated according to the extent of balance between societal expectations from various academic institutions and their true functions.

Although academic career seems to remain an attractive choice, the challenge seems to be related to questions about the personal costs of succeeding in academic careers and how to maintain balance between work and family, personal satisfaction and career requirements. This “cost-benefit” of academic careers is operating in the general context of abandoning the tenure system and developing a parallel system of term appointment.

Developing between the changes in the social, economic and political context, on the one hand, and the changes in higher education system, on the other hand, the academic profession has to define a new identity for itself. The “professionalisation” of academic profession is becoming more important as universities try to respond to issues relating to standards and quality, growing international competition, and generally “doing more with less”.

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  1. Dunărea de Jos University, Galaţi, Romania

    Luminita Moraru, Mirela Praisler, Simona Alecu Marin & Cristina Corina Bentea

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    Barbara M. Kehm

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    Ulrich Teichler

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Moraru, L., Praisler, M., Marin, S.A., Bentea, C.C. (2013). The Academic Profession: Quality Assurance, Governance, Relevance, and Satisfaction. In: Kehm, B., Teichler, U. (eds) The Academic Profession in Europe: New Tasks and New Challenges. The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4614-5_8

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