Skip to main content

Re-design and co-design of farming systems. An overview of methods and practices

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Farming Systems Research into the 21st Century: The New Dynamic

Abstract

Agriculture is considered to be responsible for environmental degradation. At the same time, the demands for food and non-food products are increasing and the contribution of agriculture to a sustainable development of territories is at stake. All these elements require a shift towards new production systems. In line with Farming Systems Research, farmers and other stakeholders cannot be considered as recipients of inventions, but are actors of innovation processes. We present definitions and applications on how the design of innovative farming systems can be organised. Two approaches, i.e. ‘de novo’ and ‘step-by-step’ design, are described. Innovative design must mobilize a collective and distributed intelligence. We present concrete examples of interactive design processes either with heterogeneous stakeholders or with extension and public bodies, as well as the methodologies that support these processes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    See: http://www.duurzameveehouderij.wur.nl

References

  • Aggeri, F. (2000). Les politiques d’environnement comme politiques d’innovation [Environmental policies as innovation policies]. Annales des Mines, Gérer et comprendre, Juin, 31–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Astigarraga, L., & Ingrand, S. (2010). Production flexibility in extensive beef farming systems. Ecology and Society, 16, 7. From http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol16/iss1/art7/

  • Béguin, P. (2007). Innovation et cadre socio-cognitif des interactions concepteurs-opérateurs: une approche développementale [Innovation and knowledge interactions between designers and operators: A procedural approach]. Le Travail Humain, 70, 369–390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bellon, S., & Hemptinne, J.-L. (2012). Redefining frontiers between farming systems and the environment. In I. Darnhofer, D. Gibbon, & B. Dedieu (Eds.), Farming Systems Research into the 21st century: The new dynamic (pp. 307–333). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benoit, M., Tournadre, H., Dulphy, J. P., Laignel, G., Prache, S., & Cabaret, J. (2009). Is intensification of ewe reproduction rhythm sustainable in an organically managed sheep production system? A 4-year interdisciplinary study. Animal, 3, 753–763.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bergez, J. E., Colbach, N., Crespo, O., Garcia, F., Jeuffroy, M. H., Justes, E., Loyce, C., Munier-Jolain, N., & Sadok, W. (2010). Designing crop management systems by simulation. European Journal of Agronomy, 32, 3–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boote, K. J., Jones, J. W., & Pickering, N. B. (1996). Potential uses and limitations of crop models. Agronomy Journal, 88, 704–716.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bos, A. P. (2008). Instrumentalization theory and reflexive design in animal husbandry. Social Epistemology, 22, 29–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bos, A. P., & Grin, J. (2008). “Doing” reflexive modernization in pig husbandry: The hard work of changing the course of a river. Science, Technology & Human Values, 33, 480–507.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bos, A. P., & Groot Koerkamp, P. W. G. (2009). Synthesizing needs in system innovation through methodical design. A methodical outline on the role of needs in reflexive interactive design (RIO). In K. J. Poppe, C. Termeer, & M. Slingerland (Eds.), Transitions towards sustainable agriculture, food chains and peri-urban areas. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bos, A. P., Groot Koerkamp, P. W. G., Gosselink, J. M. J., & Bokma, S. J. (2009). Reflexive interactive design and its application in a project on sustainable dairy husbandry systems. Outlook on Agriculture, 38, 137–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bos, A. P., Spoelstra, S. F., Groot Koerkamp, P. W. G., De Greef, K. H., & Van Eijk, O. N. M. (2012). Reflexive design for sustainable animal husbandry: Mediating between niche and regime. In G. Spaargaren, A. Loeber, & P. Oosterveer (Eds.), Food practices in transition. Changing food consumption, retail and production in the age of reflexive modernity (pp. 229–256). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Botta, G. F., Tolón-Becerra, A., Lastra-Bravo, X., & Tourn, M. C. (2011). A research of the environmental and social effects of the adoption of biotechnological practices for soybean cultivation in Argentina. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2, 359–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casabianca, F., & Matassino, D. (2006). Local resources and typical animal products. In R. Rubino, L. Sepe, A. Dimitriadou, & A. Gibon (Eds.), Livestock farming systems: Product quality based on local resources leading to improved sustainability (EAAP Publication Nr. 118, pp. 9–26). Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cerf, M., Jeuffroy, M. H., Prost, L., & Meynard, J. M. (2012). Participatory design of agricultural decision support tools: Taking account of the use situations. Agriculture for Sustainable Development (submitted).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chantre, E. (2011). Apprentissages des agriculteurs vers la réduction d’intrants en grandes cultures: Cas de la dans les années 1985–2010 [Learning processes on the way to reduced inputs in cropping systems: The recent years (1985–2010) Champagne Berrichonne case study]. Doctoral thesis, AgroParisTech, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chevalier-Gérard, C., Denis, J. B., & Meynard, J. M. (1994). Perte de rendement due aux maladies cryptogamiques sur blé tendre d’hiver. Construction et validation d’un modèle de l’effet du système de culture [Yield losses due to cryptogamic illness in winter wheat. Design and validation of a crop system model]. Agronomie, 14, 305–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coquil, X., Blouet, A., Fiorelli, J. L., Bazard, C., & Trommenschlager, J. M. (2009). Conception de systèmes laitiers en agriculture biologique: une entrée agronomique [The design of organic dairy systems]. INRA Productions Animales, 22, 221–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darnhofer, I., Bellon, S., Dedieu, B., & Milestad, R. (2009). Adaptiveness to enhance the sustainability of farming systems. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 30, 545–555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Sainte Marie, C., Amiaud, B., Magda, D., Plantureux, S., Agreil, C., Mestelan, P., Boussou, V., & Mougey, T. (2012). Promouvoir la valeur agri-ecologique des prairies: le concours agricole national des prairies fleuries. [The promotion of agroecological indicators for grasslands: The national contest of ‘flourished pastures’]. Fourrages (forthcoming).

    Google Scholar 

  • De Wit, C. T., Van Keulen, H., Seligman, N. G., & Spharim, I. (1988). Application of interactive multiple goal programming techniques for analysis and planning of regional agricultural development. Agricultural Systems, 26, 211–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Debaeke, P., Munier-Jolain, N., Bertrand, M., Guichard, L., Nolot, J.-M., Faloya, V., & Saulas, P. (2009). Iterative design and evaluation of rule-based cropping systems: Methodology and case studies. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 29, 73–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dedieu, B. (2009). Qualification of the adaptive capacities of livestock farming systems. Revista Brasileira de Zootechnia, 38, 397–404.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dedieu, B., & Servière, G. (2011). The model of work in approaches to livestock farming systems. Options Méditerranéennes, Série A, 100, 355–364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dedieu, B., Louault, F., Tournadre, H., & Benoit, M. (2008). Réponse des systèmes d’élevage innovants à la variabilité climatique: une expérimentation en production extensive ovin viande intégrant des préoccupations environnementales [Innovative extensive sheep faming and climate variability: A system experiment approach]. In B. Dedieu, E. Chia, B. Leclerc, C. H. Moulin, & M. Tichit (Eds.), L’élevage en mouvement: flexibilité et adaptation des exploitations d’herbivores (pp. 161–178). Versailles: Quae.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dedieu, B., Aubin, J., Duteurtre, G., Alexandre, G., Vayssiere, J., Bommel, P., Faye, B., with the collaboration of de Mahieu, M., Fanchonne, A., Tourrand, J. F., & Ickowicz, A. (2011). Conception et évaluation de systèmes d’élevage durables en régions chaudes [Design and evaluation of sustainable livestock farming systems of warm regions]. INRA Production Animale, 24, 113–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dejoux, J. F., Meynard, J. M., Reau, R., Roche, R., & Saulas, P. (2003). Evaluation of environment friendly crop management systems for winter rapeseed based on very early sowing dates. Agronomie, 23, 725–736.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donatelli, M., Hatfield, J., & Rizzoli, A. (2007). Farming system design. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Methodologies on Integrated Analysis on Farm Production Systems, Catania, Italy. La Goliardica Pavese.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doré, T., Meynard, J. M., & Sebillotte, M. (1997). A diagnostic method for assessing regional variations in crop yield. Agricultural Systems, 54, 169–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doré, T., Clermont-Dauphin, C., Crozat, Y., David, C., Jeuffroy, M. H., Loyce, C., Malézieux, E., Meynard, J. M., & Valantin-Morison, M. (2008). Methodological progress in regional agronomic diagnostic. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 28, 151–161.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duru, M., & Hubert, B. (2003). Management of grazing systems from decision and biophysical models to principles for action. Agronomie, 23, 689–703.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duteurtre, G., & Faye, B. (2009). L’élevage, richesse des pauvres: Stratégies d’éleveurs et organisations sociales face aux risques dans les pays du Sud. [Livestock, as a richness for the poor: Livestock farmers strategies and social organisations to face risk in developing countries]. Versailles: Quae.

    Google Scholar 

  • Etienne, M. (Ed.). (2010). Companion modelling. A participatory approach to sustainable development. Versailles: Quae.

    Google Scholar 

  • Francis, C., Lieblein, G., Gliessman, S., Breland, T. A., Creamer, N., Harwood, R., Salomonsson, L., Helenius, J., Rickerl, D., Salvador, R., Wiedenhoeft, M., Simmons, S., Allen, P., Altieri, M., Flora, C., & Poincelot, R. (2003). Agroecology: The ecology of food systems. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 22, 99–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goulet, F., Pervanchon, F., Conteau, C., & Cerf, M. (2008). Les agriculteurs innovent par eux-mêmes pour leurs systèmes de culture [Farmers innovate by themselves for their cropping systems]. In R. Reau & T. Doré (Eds.), Systèmes de culture innovants et durables (pp. 53–69). Dijon: Educagri.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffon, M. (2006). Nourrir la planète. Pour une révolution doublement verte. [Feeding the planet. For a double green revolution]. Paris: Odile Jacob.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groot Koerkamp, P. W. G., & Bos, A. P. (2008). Designing complex and sustainable agricultural production systems; an integrated and reflexive approach for the case of table egg production in the Netherlands. NJAS – Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 55, 113–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grosso, S., & Albaladejo, C. (2010). Croissance du conseil privé et nouveaux profils professionnels des ingénieurs agronomes. Le cas d’une région de grande culture dans la pampa Argentine [The development of private advisory sector and new competences for engineers. The case of a cropping region of Argentinian Pampa]. In Proceedings of the Colloque de la Société Française d’Economie Rurale, ‘Conseil en agriculture: acteurs, marchés, mutations’, Dijon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guillou, M., & Matheron, G. (2011). 9 milliards d’hommes à nourrir, un défi pour demain. [Feeding 9 billions of humans. A stake for tomorrow]. Paris: Editions François Bourin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatfield, J., & Hanson, J. (Eds.). (2009). Methodologies for integrated analysis of farm production systems. In Proceedings of the Farming System Design Symposium, 23–26 August, Monterey, USA. From http://www.iemss.org/farmsys09/uploads/2009_FSD_Proceedings.pdf

  • Hill, S. B., & MacRae, R. J. (1995). Conceptual framework for the transition from conventional to sustainable agriculture. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 7, 81–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Horlings, L. G., & Marsden, T. K. (2011). Towards the real green revolution? Exploring the conceptual dimensions of a new ecological modernisation of agriculture that could ‘feed the world’. Global Environmental Change, 21, 441–452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ingrand, S., Agabriel, J., Dedieu, B., & Perochon, L. (2002). What knowledge and tools to improve the adaptation capacity of French beef cattle production systems to produce in quality markets. In Proceedings of the 5th European IFSA Symposium, Vila Real, Portugal (pp. 815–816). From www.ifsa-europe.org

  • IPCC. (2007). Climate change impacts, adaptations and vulnerability. IPCC Working Group II. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Janssen, M. A., Anderies, J. M., & Ostrom, E. (2007). Robustness of social-ecological systems to spatial and temporal variability. Society and Natural Resources, 20, 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeuffroy, M., Bergez, J., David, C., Flénet, F., Gate, P., Loyce, C., Maupas, F., Meynard, J. M., Réau, R., & Surleau-Chambenoit, C. (2008). Utilisation des modèles pour l’aide à la conception et à l’évaluation d’innovations techniques en production végétale: bilan et perspectives [Modelling as a support to innovation design and evaluation in crop systems. Outcomes and perspectives]. In R. Reau & T. Doré (Eds.), Systèmes de culture innovants et durables (pp. 109–128). Dijon: Educagri.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keating, A., & McCown, R. L. (2001). Advances in farming systems analysis and intervention. Agricultural Systems, 70, 555–579.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lamine, C., & Bellon, S. (2009). Transitions vers l’agriculture biologique. Pratiques et accompagnement vers des systèmes innovants [Transitions to organic farming. Practices and companioning toward innovative systems] Versailles: Quae-Educagri.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamine, C., Messéan, A., Paratte, R., Hochereau, F., Meynard, J. M., & Ricci, P. (2011). La lutte chimique au cœur de la construction du système agri-alimentaire [Chemical applications as the heart of agro-food system building]. In P. Ricci, S. Bui, & C. Lamine (Eds.), Repenser la protection des cultures; innovations et transitions (pp. 30–58). Versailles: Quae-Educagri.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamine, C., Renting, H., Rossi, A., Wiskerke, H., & Brunori, G. (2012). Agri-food system and territorial development: Innovations, new dynamics and changing governance systems. In I. Darnhofer, D. Gibbon, & B. Dedieu (Eds.), Farming Systems Research into the 21st century: The new dynamic (pp. 229–256). Dordrecht: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lançon, J., Reau, R., Cariolle, M., Munier-Jolain, N., Omont, B., Petit, M.-S., Viaux, P., & Wery, J. (2008). Elaboration à dire d’experts de systèmes de culture innovants [Innovative cropping systems design by experts]. In R. Reau & T. Doré (Eds.), Systèmes de culture innovants et durables (pp. 91–108). Dijon: Educagri.

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Bail, M. (2000). Qualité des produits végétaux et territoire: contribution de l’agronome [Vegetal products quality and territorial development]. Oléagineux, Corps gras, Lipides, 7, 499–503.

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Gal, P.-Y., Mérot, A., Moulin, C.-H., Navarrete, M., & Wery, J. (2009). A modelling framework to support farmers in designing agricultural production systems. Environmental Modelling and Software, 25, 258–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Le Gal, P.-Y., Dugué, P., Faure, G., & Novak, S. (2011). How does research address the design of innovative agricultural production systems at the farm level: A review. Agricultural Systems, 104, 714–728.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le Masson, P., Weil, B., & Hatchuel, A. (2006). Les processus d’innovation: Conception innovante et croissance des entreprises [Innovation processes: Innovative design and enterprises growth]. Paris: Hermes Lavoisier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemaire, G. (2007). Interactions entre systèmes fourragers et systèmes de grandes cultures à l’échelle du territoire. Intérêts pour l’environnement [Forage and cropping systems interactions at the landscape level. Potentials for the environment]. Fourrages, 189, 19–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lémery, B. (2000). Les agriculteurs dans la fabrique d’une nouvelle agriculture [Farmers professional identities build the new agriculture]. Sociologie du travail, 45, 9–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loyce, C., Rellier, J. P., & Meynard, J. M. (2002). Management planning for winter wheat with multiple objectives (1): The BETHA system. Agricultural Systems, 72, 9–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loyce, C., Meynard, J. M., Bouchard, C., Rolland, B., Lonnet, P., Bataillon, P., Bernicot, M. H., Bonnefoy, M., Charrier, X., Debote, B., Demarquet, T., Duperrier, B., Félix, I., Heddadj, D., Leblanc, O., Leleu, M., Mangin, P., Méausoone, M., & Doussinault, G. (2012). Growing winter wheat cultivars under different management intensities in France: A multicriteria assessment based on economic, energetic and environmental indicators. Field Crop Research, 125, 167–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Madelrieux, S., & Dedieu, B. (2008). Qualification and assessment of work organisation in livestock farms. Animal, 2, 435–446.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mak, S. (2001). Continued innovation in a Cambodian rice-based farming system: Farmer testing and recombination of new elements. Agricultural Systems, 69, 137–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martel, G., Dedieu, B., & Dourmad, J. Y. (2008). Simulation of sow herd dynamics with emphasis on performance and distribution of periodic tasks events. Journal of Agricultural Science, 146, 365–380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meynard, J. M. (2008). Produire autrement: réinventer les systèmes de cultures [Producing in a different way: the need for innovative cropping systems]. In R. Reau & T. Doré (Eds.), Systèmes de culture innovants et durables (pp. 11–27). Dijon: Educagri.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meynard, J. M. (2010). Réinventer les systèmes agricoles: quelle agronomie pour un développement durable? [Reinventing agricultural systems: What type of agronomy for a sustainable development?]. In D. Bourg & A. Papaux (Eds.), Vers une société sobre et désirable (pp. 342–363). Paris: Presses Universitaires de France et Fondation Nicolas Hulot.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meynard, J. M., & Casabianca, F. (2011). Agricultural systems and the innovation process. In R. Bouche, A. Derkimba, & F. Casabianca (Eds.), New trends for innovation in the Mediterranean animal production (pp. 17–26). Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Meynard, J. M., & Girardin, P. (1991). Produire autrement [To produce in a different way]. Courrier de la Cellule Environnement de l’INRA, 15, 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meynard, J. M., Reau, R., Robert, D., & Saulas, P. (1996). Evaluation expérimentale des itinéraires techniques [Experimental evaluation of technical sequences]. In Expérimenter sur les conduites de culture: un nouveau savoir-faire au service d’une agriculture en mutation (pp. 63–72). Paris: DERF-ACTA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meynard, J. M., Cerf, M., Guichard, L., Jeuffroy, M. H., & Makowski, D. (2002). Which decision support tools for the environmental management of nitrogen? Agronomie, 22, 817–829.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meynard, J. M., Aggeri, F., Coulon, J. B., Habib, R., & Tillon, J. P. (2006). Conception de systèmes agricoles innovants [Design of innovative agricultural systems] (Report to the INRA National Head, 55 pp).

    Google Scholar 

  • Millenium Ecosystem Assessment. (2005). Ecosystems and human well-being: General synthesis. Washington: Island Press. From http://www.millenniumassessment.org/en/index.aspx

  • Mischler, P., Lheureux, S., Dumoulin, F., Menu, P., Sene, O., Hopquin, J. P., Cariolle, M., Reau, R., Munier-Jolain, N., Faloya, V., Boizard, H., & Meynard, J. M. (2009). Huit fermes de grande culture engagées en Production Intégrée réduisent les pesticides sans baisse de marge [Eight farms engaged in the ‘integrated production’ label reduce their pesticides applications without decreasing their gross margin]. Le Courrier de l’Environnement, 57, 73–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reau, R., Monnot, L. A., Schaub, A., Munier-Jolain, N., Pambou, I., Bockstaller, C., Cariolle, M., Chabert, A., & Dumans, P. (2012). Les ateliers de conception de systèmes de culture pour construire, évaluer et identifier des prototypes prometteurs [Design workshops for evaluating and prototyping innovative cropping systems]. Innovations Agronomiques, 18 (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Röling, N., & van de Fliert, E. (1994). Transforming extension for sustainable agriculture: The case of integrated pest management in rice in Indonesia. Agriculture and Human Values, 11, 96–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rossing, W. A. H., Meynard, J. M., & van Ittersum, M. K. (1997). Model-based explorations to support development of sustainable farming systems: Case studies from France and the Netherlands. European Journal of Agronomy, 7, 271–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sabatier, R., Doyen, L., & Tichit, M. (2010). Modelling trade-offs between livestock grazing and water conservation in a grassland agroecosystem. Ecological Modelling, 221, 1292–1300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schön, D. A. (1983). The reflective practitioner; how professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schott, C., Mignolet, C., & Meynard, J. M. (2010). Les oléoprotéagineux dans les systèmes de culture: évolution des assolements et des successions culturales depuis les années 1970 dans le bassin de la Seine [Oilseeds in cropping systems: Changes in rotations since 1970 in the Seine water basin]. Oléagineux, Corps gras, Lipides, 17, 276–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siers, F. J. (2004). Methodisch ontwerpen volgens H.H. van den Kroonenberg. Amsterdam: Wolters-Noordhoff.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinfeld, H., Gerber, P., Wassenaar, T., et al. (2006). Livestock’s long shadow. Environmental issues and options. Rome: FAO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steinfeld, H., Mooney, H. A., Schneider, F., & Neville, L. E. (Eds.). (2010). Livestock in a changing landscape. Vol. 1: Drivers, consequences, and responses. Washington, DC: Island Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanloqueren, G., & Baret, P. (2008). Why are ecological, low-input, multi-resistant wheat cultivars slow to develop commercially? A Belgian agricultural ‘lock-in’ case study. Ecological Economics, 66, 436–446.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vanloqueren, G., & Baret, P. (2009). How agricultural research systems shape a technological regime that develops genetic engineering but locks out agroecological innovations. Research Policy, 38, 971–983.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vereijken, P. (1997). A methodological way of prototyping integrated and ecological arable farming systems (I/EAFS) in interaction with pilot farms. European Journal of Agronomy, 7, 235–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, B., Carpenter, S., Lebel, L., Norberg, J., Peterson, G. D., Pritchard, R., et al. (2002). Resilience management in social-ecological systems: A working hypothesis for a participatory approach. Conservation Ecology, 6, 14. From http://www.consecol.org/vol6/iss1/art14

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jean-Marc Meynard .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Meynard, JM., Dedieu, B., Bos, A.P.(. (2012). Re-design and co-design of farming systems. An overview of methods and practices. In: Darnhofer, I., Gibbon, D., Dedieu, B. (eds) Farming Systems Research into the 21st Century: The New Dynamic. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4503-2_18

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics