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Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM) in the Middle East: Toxicity, Trans-boundary Transport, and Influence of Synoptic Conditions

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Medical Geochemistry

Abstract

The Middle East is one of the regions in the world where relatively high concentrations of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) have been detected frequently. It has been suggested that PM levels in the Middle East are present at levels that lead to adverse health effects and to poor visibility. In the current study, we summarize results published by our group over the last decade and introduce new data which demonstrate the extent of trans-boundary PM transport, and the fact that synoptic conditions control its chemical and mineralogical composition and might also affect its toxicity.

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Acknowledgments

We thank our past students T. Axelrod, J. Jandorf, B. Kalderon, and R. Rabi. We also thank S. Bookman, R. Nissan, E. Refaeli, and D. Stern of the Hebrew University and L. Halitz, S. Ehrlich, O. Yoffe, I. Segal, and N. Teutsch of the Geological Survey of Israel for technical assistance. Financial support for this research was provided by the Israeli Science Foundation, the Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection, and by the Environmental Health Fund.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond Safra Givat Ram Campus, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

    Yigal Erel, O. Tirosh & N. Kessler

  2. Department of Geography, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus Campus, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

    U. Dayan

  3. Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond Safra Givat Ram Campus, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

    S. Belkin

  4. The Geological Survey of Israel, 30 Malkhe Israel St, Jerusalem, 95501, Israel

    M. Stein & A. Sandler

  5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 148 Water Science and Engineering Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, 660 North Park Street, Madison, WI, 53706-1484, USA

    J. J. Schauer

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  1. Yigal Erel
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Correspondence to Yigal Erel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 22, Palermo, 90123, Italy

    Paolo Censi

  2. , Environmental Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Boston, Morrissey Boulevard 100, Boston, 02139, USA

    Thomas Darrah

  3. , Inst. Earth Sci, The Hebrew University, Edmond Safra Campus, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

    Yigal Erel

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Erel, Y. et al. (2013). Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM) in the Middle East: Toxicity, Trans-boundary Transport, and Influence of Synoptic Conditions. In: Censi, P., Darrah, T., Erel, Y. (eds) Medical Geochemistry. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4372-4_3

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