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Accelerated Neural Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Chlorate Treatment

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Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Volume 7

Part of the book series: Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells ((STEM,volume 7))

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Abstract

The development of rapid, efficient and safe methods for neural induction from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is a necessary part of the development of cell replacement therapies. One promising approach for the development of new methodologies is through the regulation of extrinsic signals. Sulfated glycans work as co-receptors or stabilizers of ligand signaling molecules such as BMP, Wnt and FGF, and contribute to the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells and iPS cells. Sulfation of these glycans is indispensable for this function. Sulfated glycans, including heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate, are expressed on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix, and their levels of expression increase during differentiation from ES/iPS cells. Chlorate, a chemical inhibitor of sulfation, reduces the sulfation level of glycans and could, therefore, be used for the regulation of these extrinsic signals. In both mouse ES cells and human iPS cells, chlorate treatment inhibits mesodermal differentiation, induces ectodermal differentiation and then accelerates neural differentiation. Neural differentiation can be achieved in 7 days in both cell types.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioinformatics, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-8577, Japan

    Shoko Nishihara

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  1. Shoko Nishihara
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Correspondence to Shoko Nishihara .

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  1. Biology, Kean University, Union, New Jersey, USA

    M.A. Hayat

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Nishihara, S. (2012). Accelerated Neural Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Chlorate Treatment. In: Hayat, M. (eds) Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Volume 7. Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4285-7_24

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