Abstract
Peer-reviewed articles published through 15th May 2011 were reviewed within three databases. Out of 7.560 articles, 26 studies were selected in this systematic review, which summarize the state of art on circulating midkine in cancer, inflammatory and infectious diseases, emphasizing its possible application as disease marker.
Up to date circulating midkine has been reported to be elevated in a variety of cancers which was usually more pronounced in malignant than non-malignant tumors. High blood midkine levels have often been associated with the disease advancement and worse prognosis. Some studies have indicated that the resection of tumors resulted in the reduction of midkine levels pointing to tumor as a primary source of circulating midkine. Midkine has been proposed as a general marker for tumor detection, however its elevation has also been demonstrated in connection with inflammatory and infectious diseases corresponding with the disease activity scores. Association of the elevation of circulating midkine with neoplastic, inflammatory and infectious diseases creates the possibility of its application, possibly in a combination with some other indicators, as a biomarker increasing diagnostic accuracy at least in some of these diseases. However, it’s possible application would require further, carefully designed and controlled large cohort studies.
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Funding: Dr. Malgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka was supported by research fellowship within “Development program of Wroclaw Medical University” funded from European Social Fund, Human Capital, National Cohesion Strategy (contract no. UDA-POKL.04.01.01-00-010/08-01).
Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Krzystek-Korpacka, M., Matusiewicz, M. (2012). Circulating Midkine in Malignant, Inflammatory, and Infectious Diseases: A Systematic Review. In: Ergüven, M., Muramatsu, T., Bilir, A. (eds) Midkine: From Embryogenesis to Pathogenesis and Therapy. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4234-5_6
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