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A Review on Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus

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Abstract

Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is an economically important, most widely distributed, and destructive viral disease of cereals. The disease is caused by barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). The virus is phloem-limited pathogen and causes variable symptoms depending upon the virus isolate, crop species, time of infection and environmental conditions. In general, yellowing and reddening of leaves starting from upper tips to downward, dwarfing and reduction in size and number of ears and grains are observed in infected plants. BYDV is an isometric Luteovirus containing ssRNA genome and is transmitted in a persistent manner by more than 20 species of aphids. The disease has a serious economic impact and yield losses are variable and may range from 5% to 50%. Presently, five isolates of the virus such as PAV, MAV, RMV, RPV and SGV have been identified based on epitope profile and aphid vector specificity. The five biologically well defined isolates are sub-divided in two sub-groups; subgroup 1 including PAV, MAV and SGV and subgroup 11 including RMV and RPV. Although the disease can be managed by integrated approaches such as cultural practices, use of pesticides and host plant resistance, but planting of crop varieties with tolerance or resistant is the most economical and practical approach. Development of host plant resistance through genetic engineering is another possible option to combat the problem. Recombinant DNA technology has opened up the prospect of increasing genetic diversity in crop plants by their transformation. This will further help to increase the genetic resistance of bread wheats while using BYDV-resistant genes already identified in wild relatives of wheat and other species. Given the economic significance of the disease and its world wide occurrence, this review has been presented to update the knowledge of various aspects of BYDVs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture, Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah

  2. Department of Biology, Allama Iqbal Open University, H-8, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Bashir & Naheed Manzoor

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  1. Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah
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  2. Muhammad Bashir
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  3. Naheed Manzoor
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Correspondence to Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah .

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  1. Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ashraf

  2. Center for Environmental Studies, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, 35100, Turkey

    Münir Öztürk

  3. , Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Jail Road, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad

  4. , Department of Biology, Erciyes University, Rektörlüğü, Melikgazi, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey

    Ahmet Aksoy

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Shah, S.J.A., Bashir, M., Manzoor, N. (2012). A Review on Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus. In: Ashraf, M., Öztürk, M., Ahmad, M., Aksoy, A. (eds) Crop Production for Agricultural Improvement. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4116-4_29

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