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Chelate Assisted Phytoextraction Using Oilseed Brassicas

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The Plant Family Brassicaceae

Part of the book series: Environmental Pollution ((EPOL,volume 21))

Abstract

Members of the family Brassicaceae have a special ability to absorb such large amounts of metals as are often beyond the tolerance range of other plants. Among the oilseed Brassicas, work on phytoextraction has been centered on Brassica juncea, a well known metal hyperaccumulating species. The oilseed Brassicas mainly include B. carinata (Ethiopian mustard), B. elongata (elongated mustard), B. juncea (Indian mustard), B. napus (oilseed rape/canola), B. narinosa (broad-beaked mustard), B. nigra (black mustard) and B. rapa (turnip mustard). Although, there has been a considerable research on the phytoextraction abilities of these plants from heavy metal contaminated soil, lesser work has been done with reference to chelate-assisted phytoextraction. Research on chelate assisted phytoextraction has mainly been centred on B. juncea and B. napus on account of a better performance of these plants in metal uptake. Chelating agents like EDTA are capable of improving translocation of metals from roots to shoots and then into leaves. Higher bioaccumulation factors have been observed in stems and leaves of plants under the influence of chelating agents. As many of these oilseed crops yield edible oil, the high heavy metal content translocated to the oil bearing seeds is important. Research shows evidence that the seeds contain a considerable amount of hazardous toxic metals if grown on metal contaminated sites. However, the translocation into seeds is checked under lower doses of chelating agents like EDTA. Among the heavy metals, most of the research work on chelate assisted phytoextraction has been on Pb contaminated soil and application of chelating agents like EDTA and EDDS have shown significantly higher metal uptake in plants. Work has also been done on heavy metals like Cd, Cu, Cr and Zn. Chelate assisted phytoextraction has two main drawbacks. Firstly, the phytotoxic effect of the chelate itself with a potentially long residence time in soil and secondly, the leaching hazard of biolabile heavy metals to cause ground water pollution. Several measures have been suggested to overcome these hazards.

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Abbreviations

CDTA:

trans-1,2 Cyclohexylene dinitrilo tetraacetic acid

DTPA:

Diethylene triamino pentaacetic acid

EDDS:

S,S-ethylene diamine disuccinic acid

EDTA:

Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid

EDTA:

Ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid

EGTA:

Ethylene diaminesuccinic acid

GEDTA:

Bis (2-aminoethyl) ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid

HEDTA:

Hydroxylethylene diamine tetraacetic acid

LMWOA:

Low molecular weight organic acids

NTA:

Nitrilotriacetic acid

PGPR:

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan

    Firdaus-e-Bareen

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, (CESAM) &, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    Naser A. Anjum

  2. (CESAM) &, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    Iqbal Ahmad

  3. Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, (CESAM) &, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    M. Eduarda Pereira

  4. Centre for Environmental+Marine Studies, (CESAM) &, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal

    Armando C. Duarte

  5. Deptartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Hamdard University, street, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Shahid Umar

  6. Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, street, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Nafees A. Khan

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Firdaus-e-Bareen (2012). Chelate Assisted Phytoextraction Using Oilseed Brassicas . In: Anjum, N., Ahmad, I., Pereira, M., Duarte, A., Umar, S., Khan, N. (eds) The Plant Family Brassicaceae. Environmental Pollution, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3913-0_11

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