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Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channels: An Evolutionary Perspective

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Calcium Signaling

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 740))

Abstract

Ryanodine receptors (RyRs), along with the related inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), mediate the release of Ca2+ from intracellular organelles of eukaryotes. As discussed in other chapters, such increases in intracellular Ca2+ levels act a fundamental second messenger, regulating a diverse array of cellular processes. For over two decades, it has been reported that vertebrates express multiple RYR genes, whereas non-vertebrate multicellular organisms possess a single homologue within their genomes. Recently, the existence of RyR-like channels in unicellular organisms has also been reported. This chapter exploits recent expansions in available genome data to generate an overview of the expression of RyR-like genes in organisms representing a broad range of viral, archaeal, bacterial and eukaryotic taxa. Analyses of the multidomain structures and phylogenetic relationships of these proteins has lead to a model in which, early during eukaryotic evolution, IP3R-like ancestral Ca2+ release channels were converted to RyR proteins via the addition of promiscuous protein domains, possibly via horizontal gene transfer mechanisms.

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  1. Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Western Road, Cork, Ireland

    John J. Mackrill Ph.D.

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  1. John J. Mackrill Ph.D.
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Correspondence to John J. Mackrill Ph.D. .

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  1. , Department of Clinical Sciences and Educ, Karolinska Institutet, Tulegatan 26, Stockholm, SE-118 83, Sweden

    Md. Shahidul Islam

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© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

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Mackrill, J.J. (2012). Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channels: An Evolutionary Perspective. In: Islam, M. (eds) Calcium Signaling. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 740. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_7

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