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Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation from Embryonic Stem Cells: Role of HDAC7 and PDGF-BB

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Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Volume 4

Part of the book series: Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells ((STEM,volume 4))

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Abstract

Circulating stem cells and resident vascular progenitor cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease. Stem cells have been found to accumulate in the neointima of atherosclerotic lesions where they differentiate into smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Furthermore, these SMCs in atherosclerotic lesions will undergo phenotype switch from differentiated to a synthetic phenotype. These synthetic smooth muscle cells increase the size of the atherosclerotic lesion by proliferation and the formation of extracellular matrix. Although the source of these stem/progenitor cells remains controversial, for example, whether or not bone marrow-derived stem cells can differentiate into smooth muscle cells in the atherosclerotic lesion, the differentiation of stem cells to SMCs is certainly important in atherosclerotic disease. A study suggests that platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) regulates the expression of histone deacetylase 7 (HDAC7) through enhancing the transcription factor specificity protein 1’s (Sp1) binding to the HDAC7 promoter, which in turn promotes SMC differentiation from stem cells. In this review, we will summarise the updated data in SMC differentiation, stem/progenitor cells and cardiovascular diseases. Particularly, we focus on the importance of PDGF-BB and HDAC7 signal pathways in SMC differentiation from stem cells and cardiovascular diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

    David Sims & Qingzhong Xiao

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  1. David Sims
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  2. Qingzhong Xiao
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Correspondence to Qingzhong Xiao .

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  1. , Kean University, Room 213, Library building, Morris Avenue 1000, Union, 07083, New Jersey, USA

    M.A. Hayat

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Sims, D., Xiao, Q. (2012). Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation from Embryonic Stem Cells: Role of HDAC7 and PDGF-BB. In: Hayat, M. (eds) Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, Volume 4. Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2828-8_7

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