Abstract
This chapter explores the meaning of the ‘cluster’ concept and how cluster theory has impacted on the maritime industry. This chapter also examines European and the United Kingdom perspectives of maritime clusters and concludes that there is a need to have a common definition of maritime sectors, clusters and a need to have consistent and updated data within Europe and the United Kingdom. The finding of this chapter is that both the European Union and the United Kingdom adopt a ‘bottom-up’ approach which in turn leading to a degree of fragmentation. A ‘top-down’ governance method instead should be introduced and this shift should be based on existing maritime clusters rather than creating new clusters.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Christian Ketels, European Clusters, Hagbarth publication 2004, p. 1.
- 2.
P. W. de Langen, ‘Clustering and Performance: the Case of Maritime Clustering in the Netherlands’, Maritime policy & Management, 2002 Vol. 29, No. 3, p. 210.
- 3.
Christian Ketels, ‘The Development of the Cluster Concept—present Experiences and Further Developments’, paper prepared for NRW conference on clusters, Duisburg. Germany, 5th December 2003; See also Michael porter, The Competitive Advantage of Nations, (New York: The Free press, 1990); p. Doeringer and D. Tekla, ‘Business Strategy and Cross-Industry Clusters’, Economic Development Quarterly, Vol. 9, pp. 225–237; European Commission, Regional Clusters in Europe, Observatory of European SMEs, No. 3, Brussels 2002; paul Belleflamme, pierre picard and Jacques-François Thisse, ‘An Economic Theory of Regional Clusters’, (2000) Journal of Urban Economics 48, p 159; Christian Ketels, ‘Cluster Development—picking or Energizing the League?’, 2004, p 1, a research paper published on the website of the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, Harvard Business School, available from http://www.isc.hbs.edu/econ-clusters.htm last visited date: 13/08/2007.
- 4.
R. Martin and P. Sunley, ‘Deconstructing Clusters: Chaotic Concept for policy panacea?’, Journal of Economic Geography, 2003 Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 5–35; European Commission, Regional Clusters in Europe, Observatory of European SMEs, No. 3, Brussels 2002.
- 5.
Gabriel R. G. Benito, Eivind Berger, Morten de la Forest, Jonas Shum, ‘A Cluster Analysis of the Maritime Sector in Norway’, International Journal of Transport Management 1 (2003), p. 205.
- 6.
Michael porter, ‘Clusters and Competition: New Agendas for Companies, Governments, and Institutions’, in On Competition, (Boston: Harvard Business School press, 1998).
- 7.
Christian Ketels, (2003), supra note 3, p. 5.
- 8.
These including markets (customers) and natural resources.
- 9.
Paul L. Weissenberg, ‘European Economic Clusters: the European Commission perspective’, pp. 18–19, in Niko Wijnolst ed., Dynamic European Maritime Clusters, (Maritime Forum, Norway and Dutch Maritime Network in cooperation with European Network of Maritime Clusters, September 2006).
- 10.
Ibid.
- 11.
Theo E. Notteboom and Jean-paul Rodrigue, ‘port Regionalization: Towards a New phase in port Development’, Maritime policy & Management, 2005 Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 301–302.
- 12.
Dr. Joe Borg, ‘The Future of ports—part of Our Future Vision for the Oceans and Sea’, speech delivered on 28th June 2007.
- 13.
Niko Wijnolst, ‘Maritime Cluster policy and the Green paper’, p. 127, in Niko Wijnolst ed., Dynamic European Maritime Clusters, (Maritime Forum, Norway and Dutch Maritime Network in cooperation with European Network of Maritime Clusters, September 2006).
- 14.
Policy Research Corporation N. V., Economic Impact Study on Belgium’s Shipping Cluster, available from http://www.fisherassoc.co.uk/dbimgs/Belgian%20shipping.pdf last visited date: 20/08/2007.
- 15.
Marine Institute, Ireland, Marine Leisure Strategy, available from http://www.fisherassoc.co.uk/dbimgs/Ireland%20Strategy%20for%20Marine%20Leisure.pdf last visited date: 20/08/2007.
- 16.
Irish Sailing Association, Strategic plan 2004-2008, available from http://www.fisherassoc.co.uk/dbimgs/Irish%20Sailing%20Strat%20plan%20Summary.pdf last visited date: 20/08/2007.
- 17.
Presentation delivered by Drs. Ir. H.P.L.M. Janssens, at the Maritime Industries Firum, Bermen, 26th January 2005, available from http://www.fisherassoc.co.uk/dbimgs/Dutch%20Maritime%20Cluster.pdf last visited date: 20/08/2007.
- 18.
See http://www.marine.gov.uk/ec-mif.htm last visited date: 14/08/2007.
- 19.
Waterborne Tp, Vision 2020, February 2006, p. 5.
- 20.
Waterborne Tp, Strategic Research Agenda, May 2006.
- 21.
Niko Wijnolst, (2006), supra note 13, p. 128.
- 22.
European Network of Maritime Clusters, Newsletter 2, 2nd February 2006.
- 23.
Niko Wijnolst, (2006), supra note 13, p. 127.
- 24.
Ibid.
- 25.
Ibid, p. 120.
- 26.
Paul L. Weissenberg, (2006), supra note 9, p. 16.
- 27.
Mark Brownrigg, ‘The United Kingdom’s Maritime Cluster’, p. 93, in Niko Wijnolst ed., Dynamic European Maritime Clusters, (Maritime Forum, Norway and Dutch Maritime Network in cooperation with European Network of Maritime Clusters, September 2006).
- 28.
Yen-Chiang Chang, Good Governance in the Management of Marine Environment—A Comparison of Taiwan and Scotland, phD thesis September 2007, School of Law, University of Dundee, pp. 170–187.
- 29.
Mark Brownrigg, (2006), supra note 27, p. 93.
- 30.
Stuart Bell and Donald McGillivray, Environmental Law 6th ed. (Oxford: Oxford University press, 2005), p 107; John F. McEldowney, public Law, (Sweet & Maxwell’s Textbook Series, 2002), p. 278.
- 31.
DBERR brings together functions from the former Department of Trade and Industry, including responsibilities for productivity, business relations, energy, competition and consumers, with the better regulation executive, previously part of the Cabinet Office.
- 32.
Hance D. Smith and Jonathan S. potts (ed), Managing Britain’s Marine and Coastal Environment—Towards A Sustainable Future, (London: Routledge, 2005), p 84.
- 33.
European Cluster Observatory, Cluster policy Report—United Kingdom, June 2007, p. 2.
- 34.
Section 6 of the Regional Development Agencies Act 1998, Chapter 45.
- 35.
European Cluster Observatory, (2007), supra note 33, p. 2.
- 36.
Mark Brownrigg, (2006), supra note 27, p. 93.
- 37.
Ibid, pp. 98–99.
- 38.
Fisher Associates, plymouth Marine Sector Development Strategy, June 2001, p. 2.
- 39.
See http://www.seavisionuk.org/what_is_sea_vision.htm last visited date:15/08/2007.
- 40.
Paul L. Weissenberg, (2006), supra note 9, p. 21.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chang, YC. (2012). The Impact of Maritime Clusters. In: Ocean Governance. SpringerBriefs in Geography. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2762-5_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2762-5_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-2761-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-2762-5
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)