Abstract
The Swedish Environmental Protection Agency has identified more than 80 000 potentially contaminated sites in Sweden. One of these is the “former Hexion site” in Mölndal, south of Gothenburg. The property was bought by the construction company NCC in order to build a new housing area. On the site industrial production has been performed for almost 200 years. The products have been chemicals, e g binders for the coatings industry and plastics additives like phthalates. Measured concentrations of pollutants exceed the EPA’s general guidelines on “sensitive land use” and a remediation is necessary.
The aim of the present study has been to perform a life cycle assessment of the environmental impact caused by excavation, transports and purification in the remediation, comparing three remediation strategies: Insitu, Exsitu and Exsitu in combination with onsite. Four different options for transportation and receiver/treatment have been analyzed.
Exsitu methods were found to cause a much larger environmental load than the insitu. Emissions from the remediation may be reduced by reducing the volume of contaminated soil before transport to landfill. This can be done by pre-treating the soil onsite with sifting or soil washing. Sea transport leads to a high environmental impact. Future reduction of emissions from shipping will make shipping a more competitive choice.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
SEPA (2008). Available at: <http://www.naturvardsverket.se/sv/Verksamhetermed-miljopaverkan/Efterbehandling-av-fororenade-omraden/Riskbedomning/Nya-generella-riktvarden-for-fororenad-mark/Naturvardsverkets-utgangspunkter-for-efterbehandling/>, 2010-06-23.
FRTR (2008). Available at: <http://www.frtr.gov/matrix2/top_page.html>, 2010-06-23.
Miljömål (2009). Available at: http://miljomal.se/Om-miljomalen/, 2010-06-23.
Naturvårdsverket (2009) Miljömål. Available at: <http://www.miljomal.se>, 2009-06-12.
Lemming G, Hauschild MZ, Bjerg PL (2010) Lifecycle assessment of soil and groundwater remediation technologies: literature review. Int J Life Cycle Assessment 15, 00115–127 [1](Rivett et al. 2002).
Andersson K, Alm J, Angervall T, Johansson J, Sternbeck J, Ziegler F (2008) Miljöprestanda och samhällsekonomi för saneringsmetoder. Rapport 5793 Hållbar sanering, Naturvårdsverket.
Andersson-Sköld Y, Kockum K, Norrman J (2006) Riskvärdering – metodik och erfarenheter. Rapport 5615 Hållbar sanering, Naturvårdsverket.
Rosén L, Back P-E. Söderqvist T, Soutukorva Å, Brodd P, Grahn L (2009) Multikriterieanalys (MKA) för hållbar efterbehandling av förorenade områden. Rapport 5891 Hållbar sanering, Naturvårdsverket.
Suèr P, Nilsson-Paledal S, Norrman J (2004) LCA for site Remediatin: A litterature review. Journal of soul & Sediment Contamination, 13:415–425
Andersson K, Alm J, Angervall T, Johansson J, Sternbeck J, Ziegler F (2008) Miljöprestanda och samhällsekonomi för saneringsmetoder. Rapport 5793 Hållbar sanering, Naturvårdsverket.
Dimond M L, Page C A, Cambell M, McKenna S, Lall R (1999) Life cycle framework for assessment of site remediation options: Method and generic survey. Environmental Toxicology and Chemestry, Vol 18, No. 4, pp.788- 800.
Page C A, Diamond M L, Campbell M, McKenna S (1999) Life-cycle framework for assessment of site remediation options: Case study. Environmental Toxicology and Chemestry, Vol 18, No. 4, pp. 801–810.
Godin J, Ménard J-F, Hains S, Deschênes L, Samso R (2004) Combined use of life cycle assessment and groundwater transport modeling to support contaminated site management. Human and ecological risk assessment, 10: 1099–1116.
ISO 14040:2006, (2006) International Standard, Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and framework.
Baumann H, Tillman A-M (2004) The Hitch Hikers guide to LCA, Studentlitteratur Lund, ISBN 91-44-02364-2.
SWECO (2009) Åtgärdsutredning inklusive förslag till övergripande och mätbara åtgärdsmål. Vatten & Miljö, SWECO, Göteborg, Sweden (in Swedish).
Hickman A.J. (ed.) (1999) Methodology for Calculating Transport Emissions and Energy Consumption, Deliverable 22. Report to EC – DG VII.
International Maritime Organisation (IMO) (2008). Revised MARPOL Annex VI), MEPC 58/23/Add.1 ANNEX 13, 2008.
Certified Environmental Product Declaration EPD of Electricity from Vattenfall´s Nordic Hydropower, 2008.
European Parliament and European Council Directive 2005/55/EC, most recently amended through Commission Directive 2006/51/EC).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hector, J., Norin, M., Andersson, K., Heikkilä, K. (2012). Environmental emission impact from transport during soil remediation. In: Rauch, S., Morrison, G. (eds) Urban Environment. Alliance for Global Sustainability Bookseries, vol 19. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2540-9_40
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2540-9_40
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-2539-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-2540-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)