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Biodegradation of Azo Dyes from Wastewater

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Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World

Part of the book series: Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World ((ECSW))

Abstract

Dyes are synthetic aromatic compounds with various functional groups. Colored dye effluents are highly toxic to the aquatic biota. They alter the symbiotic process by disturbing the natural equilibrium through reduced photosynthetic activity due to the coloration of the water in streams. The control of dyes containing water pollution has thus become of increasing importance in recent years. Amongst the synthetic dyes, azo dyes are the largest group, and account for more than half of the annually produced amounts of dyes. In recent years, several treatments have been proposed for efficient azo dye removal, most of them presenting some limitations such as poor capacity, generate waste products, incomplete mineralization or high operating cost. Nowadays combined anaerobic–aerobic treatments are considered as the most effective route. Removal of azo dyes is based on anaerobic-aerobic treatment for the reductive cleavage of the azo linkages of dyes and for the degradation of the aromatic amines from azo dye cleavage respectively. This chapter reviews the current technologies available for decolourisation of azo dyes and it suggests effective and economically attractive alternatives.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, UP, India

    Pijush Kanti Mondal

  2. Environmental Engineering Section, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, UP, India

    Brajesh Chauhan

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Correspondence to Pijush Kanti Mondal .

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  1. INRA - UMR Agroécologie, rue Sully 17, Dijon, 86510, France

    Eric Lichtfouse

  2. Inst. für Geologie, Geochemie, u. Lagerstätten d. Erdöls u. d. Kohle, RWTH Aachen, Lochnerstr. 4-20, Aachen, 52056, Germany

    Jan Schwarzbauer

  3. Lab. de Chimie Industrielle, Université de Metz, rue Victor Demange, Saint-Avold, 57500, France

    Didier Robert

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Mondal, P.K., Chauhan, B. (2012). Biodegradation of Azo Dyes from Wastewater. In: Lichtfouse, E., Schwarzbauer, J., Robert, D. (eds) Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2439-6_6

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