Abstract
Pulp and paper industry is one among the 11 most polluting industry in India are utilizing natural resources as lignocellulose, inorganic and organic materials, and large volume of water in pulping and bleaching stages of the paper manufacturing. In manufacturing processes, 1 tonne of paper generates about 150 m3 of waste water contains lignin and its degradation products, resin acids, fatty acids and lignosulphonics. In bleaching stages, waste water contains nascent chlorine, chlorinated organic compounds, dioxin, furan, peroxides etc. The coloured compounds and adsorbable organic halogens formed due to environmental factors in waste water exhibit strong mutagenic effects, physiological impairment and they are ecoestrogens. In addition they are recognized as an excellent source of food, fuel, feed, chemicals, vitamins and bioactive compounds after biodegradation and bioconversion of biowaste. This potential is being realized as data from research in the areas of the physiology and chemistry of microorganisms which have been used for treatment of effluent by aerobic and anaerobic methods in different types of bioreactors. The major enzymes, xylanases and ligninases, have been used and commercialized successfully for biopulping and biobleaching purposes for production of ecofriendly pulp and paper, recovery of products, and environmental waste management. Their commercial role as value added products has been established after evaluation of detoxification of toxicants. In this review, the pulping and bleaching processes of pulp and paper, formation of organic compounds, use of microorganisms in degradation and bioconversion of biowaste in different types of bioreactors are discussed. The methods for detection of toxic compounds in the effluent and evaluation of detoxification are also described so that value added products recovered from effluent can be used commercially.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
S. Abrantes, M. Philo, A.P. Damant, L. Castle, J. Microcolumn Sep. 10, 387–391 (1998)
M. Ali, T.R. Sreekrishnan, Adv. Environ. Res. 5, 175–196 (2001)
G. Annadurai, S.R. Babu, T. Sivakumar, T. Marugesan, Indian J. Environ. Prot. 20, 493–498 (1999)
B. Bajpai, N.K. Bhardwaj, P.K. Bajpai, M.B. Jauhari, J. Biotechnol. 38, 1–12 (1994)
P. Baldrian, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 30, 215–242 (2006)
C.G. Bauer, A. Kuhn, N. Gajovic, O. Skorobogatko, P.J. Holt, N.C. Bruce, Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 364, 179–183 (1999)
D.L. Bedard, M.L. Haberl, R.J. May, M.J. Brennan, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 53, 1103–1112 (1987)
Q.K. Beg, M. Kapoor, L. Mahajan, G.S. Hoondal, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 56, 326–338 (2001)
D.K. Belsare, D.Y. Prasad, Process Biochem. 46, 274–276 (1988)
P.R. Berube, E.R. Hall, Proceedings of 86th PAPTAC Annual Meeting, Pulp and Paper Technical Association of Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2000, B67
J.E. Blair, L.T. Davis, US Patent 4, 199, 444, 1980
R.A. Blanchette, T. Nilsson, G. Daniel, A. Abad, in Archaeological Wood Properties, Chemistry, and Preservation, ed. by R.M. Rowell, R.J. Barbour, R.M. Rowell, R.J. Barbour (American Chemical Society, Los Angeles, 1990), pp. 141–177
R.A. Blanchette, R.L. Farrell, T.A. Burnes, P.A. Wendler, W. Zimmerman, T.S. Brush, R.A. Snyder, Tappi 75(12), 102–106 (1992)
A. Borch-Due, R. Anderson, B. Opheim, Water Sci. Technol. 35, 173–180 (1997)
R. Bourbonnais, M.G. Paice, J. Wood Chem. Technol. 7, 51–64 (1987)
S.A. Boyd, D.R. Shelton, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 47, 272–277 (1984)
S.A. Boyd, D.R. Shelton, D. Berry, J.M. Tiedje, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 46, 50–54 (1983)
A. Breen, F.L. Singleton, Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 10, 252–258 (1999)
B.S. Calabrese, M. Pickard, R. Vazquez-Duhalt, A. Heller, Biosens. Bioelectron. 17, 1071–1074 (2002)
A.M. Calvo, A.T. Martinez, A.E. Gonzalez, Meded. Fac. Landbouwwet. Rijksuniversity Gent 56, 1565–1567 (1991)
A.M. Calvo, G.C. Galletti, A.E. Gonzghlez, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. 33, 39–50 (1995a)
A.M. Calvo, M.C. Terh, M.L. Fidalgo, J.M. Pelayo, G.C. Galletti, A.E. Gonzglez, Anal. Chim. Acta 309, 145–152 (1995b)
K. Chaloupka, N. Harper, V. Krishnan, M. Santostefano, L.V. Rodriguez, S. Safe, Chem. Biol. Interact. 89, 141–158 (1994)
T. Chen, S.C. Barton, G. Binyamin, Z. Gao, Y. Zhang, H.H. Kim et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 8630–8631 (2001)
L.P. Christov, B.A. Prior, Biotechnol. Lett. 15, 1269 (1993)
Y. Chuphal, V. Kumar, I.S. Thakur, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 21, 1439–1445 (2005)
G. Diamantidis, A. Effosse, P. Potier, R. Bally, Soil Biol. Biochem. 32, 919–927 (2000)
F.B. Dilek, H.M. Taplamacioglu, E. Tarlan, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 52, 585–591 (1999)
G. Ding, F. Liu, Y. Jiang, H. Fu, Y. Zhao, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 14, 3766–3774 (2006)
B. Driessel, L. Christov, J. Biosci. Bioeng. 92, 3271–3276 (2001)
D. Eaton, H.M. Chang, T.K. Kirk, Tappi 63, 103–106 (1980)
E. El-Bestawy, I. El-Sokkary, H. Hussein, A.F.A. Keela, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 35, 1517–1529 (2008)
R.E. Erik, H.V. Hage, M.G.M.V.L. Willem, J.J. Boon, H. Lingeman, U.A.T. Brinkman, J. Chromatogr. 634, 263–271 (1993)
K.E.L. Eriksson, R.A. Blanchette, P. Ander, Microbial and Enzymatic Degradation of Wood and Wood Components (Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, 1990), p. 407
D. Fengel, G. Wegener, Wood Chemist-Ultrastructure, Reactions (Walter de Gruyter, New York, 1984), p. 613
P. Ferreira, A. Hernandez-Ortega, B. Herguedas, A.T. Martínez, M. Medina, J. Biosci. Bioeng. 284, 24840–24847 (2009)
Y. Ferry, D. Leech, Electroanalysis 17, 2113–2119 (2005)
J.A. Field, R. Sierra-Alvarez, Chemosphere 71, 1005–1018 (2008)
J.R. Franta, P.A. Wilderer, Water Sci. Technol. 35, 129–136 (1997)
T. Fukuzumi, Microbial decolorization and defoaming of pulping waste liquors, in Lignin Biodegradation, ed. by T.K. Kirk, H.M. Chang, T. Higuchi, vol. 2 (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1980), pp. 161–177
G.D. Galeno, E.T. Agosin, Biotechnol. Lett. 12, 869–872 (1990)
A.P. Garg, J.C. Roberts, A.J. McCarthy, Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 22, 594–22,598 (1998)
A. Gutierrez, J. Romero, Río del JC, Chemosphere 44, 1237–1242 (2001)
A. Hammaini, F. Gonzalez, A. Ballester, M.L. Blázquez, J.A. Munoz, Minerals Eng. 16, 723–729 (2003)
A. Helble, W. Schlayer, P.A. Liechti, R. Jenny, C.H. Mobius, Water Sci. Technol. 40, 343–350 (1999)
T. Higuchi, in Plant Cell Wall Polymers Biogenesis and Biodegradation, ed. by N.G. Lewis, M.G. Paice. ACS Symposium Series, vol. 399 (ACS, Washington, DC, 1989), pp. 482–502
J.S. Jahren, J.A. Rintala, H. Odegaard, Water Res. 36, 1067–1075 (2002)
N. Jahroudi, R. Foster, J. Price-Haughey, G. Beitel, L. Gedamu, J. Biol. Chem. 265, 6506–6511 (1990)
A. Jarosz-Wilkołazka, T. Ruzgas, L. Gorton, Talanta 66, 1219–1224 (2005)
T.W. Jeffries, in ACS Symposium Series 476, ed. by R.M. Rowell, T.P. Schultz, and R. Narayan), (American Chemical Society Publications, Washington DC, 1992), pp. 313–329
M.C. Judd, T.R. Stuhridge, P.N. McFarlane, S.M. Anderson, L. Bergman, Chemosphere 33, 2209 (1996)
K. Kannan, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 62, 114–116 (1990)
H. Kawakami, Water Res. Abstr. 9, W76–05485 (1975)
J. Kiddinamoorthy, J.A. Anceno, D.G. Haki, S.K. Rakshit, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 98, 897–903 (2008)
N. Kinae, T. Hashu, T. Makita, I. Tomita, I. Kimura, H. Kanamori, Water Res. 15, 17–24 (1981)
T.K. Kirk, W.J. Connors, J.G. Zeikus, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 32, 192–194 (1976)
T.K. Kirk, W.J. Connors, J.G. Zeikus, Rev. Adv. Phytopathol. 11, 369–394 (1977)
R. Kondo, K. Harazono, K. Sakai, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60, 4359–436 (1994)
B.A. Kuznetsov, G.P. Shumakovich, O.V. Koroleva, A.I. Yaropolov, Biosens. Bioelectron. 16, 73–84 (2001)
R. Lackner, E. Srebotnik, K. Messner, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 178, 1092–1098 (1991)
S. Lacorte, A. Latorre, D. Barceló, A. Rigol, A. Malmqvist, T. Welander, Trend Anal. Chem. 22, 725–737 (2003)
A. Latorre, A. Rigol, S. Lacorte, D. Barcelo, J. Chromatogr. A 991, 205–215 (2003)
E.G. Lee, J.C. Mueller, C.C. Walden, Tappi J. 61, 59–62 (1978)
S.Y. Lin, C.W. Dence, Methods in Lignin Chemistry (Springer, Germany, 1992)
A.M. Madlala, S. Bissoon, S. Singh, L. Christov, Biotechnol. Lett. 23, 345–351 (2001)
T. Madsen, J. Aamand, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57, 2453–2458 (1991)
E. Magnus, G.E. Carlberg, H.H. Norske, Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 15, 29–36 (2000a)
E. Magnus, G.E. Carlberg, H.H. Norske, Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 5, 37–45 (2000b)
P. Malaviya, V.S. Rathore, Bioresour. Technol. 98, 3647–3651 (2007)
P.K. Mandal, J. Comp. Physiol. B 175, 221–230 (2005)
K. Messner, E. Srebotnik, FEMS Microbial. Rev. 13, 351–364 (1994)
G.M. Milet, S.J.B. Duff, Water Sci. Technol. 38, 263–271 (1998)
M. Mishra, I.S. Thakur, Biodegradation 21, 967–97 (2010)
F. Mora, K. Ruel, J. Combat, J.P. Joseleau, Holzforschung 40, 85–91 (1986)
M.T. Moreira, G. Feijoo, R. Sierra-Alvarez, J.A. Field, Bioresour. Technol. 70, 255–260 (1999)
M. Munawar, I.F. Munawar, D. Sergeant, C. Wenghofer, Aquat. Ecosystem Health Manage. 3, 249 (2000)
G. Muyzer, C.D.W. Ellen, A.G. Uitierlinden, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59, 695–700 (1993)
E.R. Nestmann, E.G. Lee, Mutat. Res. 155, 53–60 (1985)
L. Norton, K. Baskaran, T. McKenzie, Adv. Environ. Res. 8, 629–635 (2003)
F. Pagnanelli, L. Toro, F. Veglio, Waste Manage. 22, 901–907 (2002)
M.G. Paice, N. Gurnagul, D.H. Page, L. Jurasek, Enzyme Microb. Technol. 14, 272–276 (1992)
M.G. Paice, I.D. Reid, R. Boubonnais, F.S. Archibald, L. Jurasek, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59, 260–265 (1993)
C. Palma, A.T. Martinez, J.M. Lema, M.J. Martinez, J. Biotechnol. 77, 235–245 (2000)
A.M. Pedroza, R. Mosqueda, N. Alonso-Vante, R. Rodrıguez-Vazquez, Chemosphere 67, 793–801 (2007)
J. Perez, T.W. Jeffries, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58, 2402–2409 (1992)
K. Piontek, J. Biol. Chem. 277, 37663–37669 (2002)
D. Pokhrel, T. Viraraghavan, Sci. Total Environ. 333, 37–58 (2004)
D.Y. Prasad, T.W. Joyce, Bioresour. Technol. 44, 141–147 (1993)
A. Raj, M.M. Krishna Reddy, R. Chandra, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegra. 59, 292–296 (2007)
I.D. Reid, M.G. Paice, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 13, 369–376 (1994)
A. Rigol, A. Latorre, S. Lacorte, D. Barceló, J. Chromatogr. A 963, 265–275 (2002)
A. Rigol, A. Latorre, S. Lacorte, D. Barceló, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 23, 339–347 (2003)
L.E. Rikans, T. Yamano, J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 14, 110–117 (2000)
S. Riva, Trends Biotechnol. 24, 219–226 (2006)
M.B.W. Saad, L.R.M. Oliveira, R.G. Cândido, G. Quintana, G.J.M. Rocha, A.R. Gonçalves, Enzyme Microbial. Technol. 43, 220–225 (2008)
I.B. Sachs, G.F. Leatham, G.C. Myers, Wood Fiber Sci. 21, 331–342 (1989)
T. Schmidt, S. Lange, in Treatment of Paper Mill Effluent by the Use of Ozone and Biological Systems: Large Scale Application at Lang Paper, Ettringen (Germany). Tappi International Environmental Conference and Exhibit, Denver, CO, vol. 2 (TAPPI, Norcross, GA, USA, 2000), pp. 765–775
U. Schwien, E. Schmidt, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 44, 33–39 (1982)
D.J. Senior, J. Hamilton, L.R. Bernier, J.R. du Manior, Tappi J. 75, 125 (1992)
P. Singh, I.S. Thakur, Bioresour. Technol. 97, 218–223 (2006)
A. Singhal, I.S. Thakur, Biochem. Eng. J. 46, 21–27 (2009)
S. Sinkkonen, J. Paasivirta, J. Koistinen, M. Lahtiperä, R. Lammi, Chemosphere 24, 1755–1763 (1992)
M.C. Srinivasan, M.V. Rele, Curr. Sci. 77, 137–142 (1999)
S. Srivastava, I.S. Thakur, Bioresour. Technol. 97, 1167–1173 (2006a)
S. Srivastava, I.S. Thakur, Curr. Microbiol. 53, 232–237 (2006b)
S. Srivastava, I.S. Thakur, Biodegradation 18, 637–646 (2007)
R. Sterjiades, J.F.D. Dean, K.E. Eriksson, Plant Physiol. 99, 1162–1168 (1992)
S. Subramaniyan, P. Prema, Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. 22, 33–46 (2002)
G.R. Susella, S.K. Basu, S.C. Manda, Indian J. Environ. Health 33, 425–432 (1991)
K. Tani, M. Muneta, K. Nakamura, K. Shibuya, M. Nasu, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 412–416 (2002)
E. Tarlan, F.B. Dilek, U. Yetis, Bioresour. Technol. 84, 1–5 (2002)
I.S. Thakur, Process Biochem. 39, 1693–1699 (2004)
I.S. Thakur, P. Verma, K. Upadhyaya, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 286, 109–113 (2001)
C.F. Thurston, Microbiology 140, 19–26 (1994)
J.S. Tolan, R.V. Canovas, Pulp Pap. Can. 93, 39–40 (1992)
US EPA, EPA office of compliance sector notebook project: profile of pulp and paper industry, Washington, DC 20460, USA, 1995: EPA/310-R-95-015
J. Valenzuela, U. Bumann, R. Cespedes, L. Padilla, B. Gonzalez, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63, 227–232 (1997)
T. van de Wiele, L. Vanhaecke, K. Peru, J. Headley, W. Verstraete, S. Siciliano, Environ. Health Perspect. 113, 6–10 (2005)
S. Verenich, J. Kallas, Chem. Eng. Technol. 24, 1183–1188 (2001)
S. Verenich, A. Laari, J. Kallas, Water Sci. Technol. 44, 145–152 (2001)
R. Vicuna, Enzyme Microbial. Technol. 10, 646–655 (1988)
R. Vicuna, B. Gonzalez, D. Seelenfreund, C. Ruttimann, L. Salas, J. Biotechnol. 30, 9–13 (1993)
L. Viikari, M. Tenkanen, J. Buchert, Ratto Mo, M. Bailey, M. Siikaho, M. Linko, in Hemicellulases for industrial applications, ed. by Saddler, J.N. Bioconversion of Forest and Agricultural Plant Residues. (C.A.B. International, Wallingford, England), pp. 131–182
L. Virkki, J. Knuutinen, J. Hyötyläinen, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 56, 133–147 (1994)
H. Wariishi, K. Valli, M.H. Gold, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 176, 269–275 (1991)
J.L. Yang, K.E.L. Errikson, Holzforschung 46, 481–488 (1992)
J.L. Yang, G. Lou, K.E.L. Eriksson, Tappi J. 75, 95–101 (1992)
T. Zacharewski, K. Berhane, B. Gillesby, Environ. Sci. Technol. 29, 2140–2146 (1995)
W. Zimmermann, J. Biotechnol. 13, 119–130 (1990)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Netherlands
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mishra, M., Thakur, I.S. (2012). Bioremediation, Bioconversion and Detoxification of Organic Compounds in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent for Environmental Waste Management. In: Satyanarayana, T., Johri, B. (eds) Microorganisms in Environmental Management. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2229-3_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2229-3_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-2228-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-2229-3
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)