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Sirex, Surveys and Management: Challenges of having Sirex noctilio in North America

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The Sirex Woodwasp and its Fungal Symbiont:

Abstract

Since 2004, when the Sirex woodwasp, Sirex noctilio, was first discovered in North America, there have been intensive efforts to survey and determine the area infested and to assess management options. In this chapter we review the history of survey efforts in Canada and the USA from 2005 to 2009 and the challenges facing these surveys. Next we describe the significant differences between North America and the Southern Hemisphere (where this insect is a serious pest) in forest types, natural disturbance regimes, competing insects and disease, and forest management methods and how they affect surveys and management. We review the logistical issues of landscape and forest diversity, ownership, and access that affect the implementation of surveys, and biological issues of native siricids and other associated insects and diseases that complicate the use of trap trees and traps. We discuss the challenges of using silviculture and biological methods in North America to control S. noctilio. We conclude that management of S. noctilio will not be easy and must be multifaceted. The diversity, heterogeneity and complexity of North America’s natural forests in terms of natural enemies and competing insects and diseases, may be a problem for survey efforts, but also a solution for management. Finally, the situation in North America is unique, allowing many interesting questions on invasion biology, community ecology, and management of an invasive species in native pine communities to be addressed.

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Acknowledgements

This chapter summarizes the efforts of many individuals and agencies involved with S. noctilio detection and survey efforts in North America. In the USA, federal and state departments of agriculture and natural resources participated in various aspects of delimitation and detection efforts. Response to the S. noctilio detection relied upon the efforts of many people, including Ethan Angell and Bob Mungari (New York State Department of Agriculture & Markets); Jerry Carlson (New York Department of Environmental Conservation); Dennis Haugen, Noel Schneeberger, and Robert Rabaglia (U.S. Forest Service); and Leon Bunce, Vic Mastro, Yvonne DeMarino, and Lynn Evans-Goldner (APHIS PPQ). In Canada, Rob Favrin and Troy Kimoto (CFIA) and Pierre Therrien (Quebec Ministry of Natural Resources and Wildlife) and Taylor Scarr (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. United States Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH, 03824, USA

    Kevin J. Dodds

  2. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada, P6A 2E5

    Peter de Groot

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  1. Kevin J. Dodds
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Correspondence to Kevin J. Dodds .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Cnr Lynnwood and University Roads, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa

    Bernard Slippers

  2. , Great Lakes Forest Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Fores, Queen St East 1219, SAULT STE MARIE, P6A 2E5, Ontario, Canada

    Peter de Groot

  3. , Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology, University of Pretoria, Cnr Lynnwood and University Roads, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa

    Michael John Wingfield

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Dodds, K.J., de Groot, P. (2012). Sirex, Surveys and Management: Challenges of having Sirex noctilio in North America. In: Slippers, B., de Groot, P., Wingfield, M. (eds) The Sirex Woodwasp and its Fungal Symbiont:. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1960-6_19

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