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Radiobiology and Environmental Security pp 307–316Cite as

Molecular Changes in Radiation Induced Thyroid Carcinomas in Mice

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Abstract

Thyroid carcinomas arising from follicular epithelial cells are the most common endocrine malignancy in man. During studies performed on the population of the Marshall-Islands and after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986 a large increase in benign thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer, especially among children was shown. Thyroid follicular carcinomas are categorised into 3 histotypes: papillary, follicular, and undifferentiated (anaplastic). Papillary thyroid carcinomas are the predominant type of the thyroid cancer in patients exposed to external radiation, particularly in children. The classic oncogenic genetic alterations commonly seen in thyroid cancer include RET/PTC rearrangements, Ras point-mutations, PAX8-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARg) fusion oncogene and BRAF mutation. For some families that share the FNMTC syndrome (familiar follicular nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma) a predisposition to thyroid tumors has been described. The genes responsible for FNMTC have been identified through linkage analyses of the affected families, TCO (thyroid tumors with cell oxyphilia), PRN1, and NHTC1. This study investigates gene changes in radiation induced follicular thyroid carcinoma. Following low dose exposure of the thyroid by off-targeted irradiation of the alpha-emitter 227Thorium, 5 cases of Follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC) and 1 case of thyroid hyperplasia developed in a highly susceptible mouse strain. In such cases, Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) for numerical changes was performed on the whole genome. Copy number loss affecting the entire chromosome 14 in 3 out of 6 cases was observed. A similar pattern of chromosome 14 deletions was already reported in thyroid tumours of other mouse strains following high-dose exposure or oncogene activation and therefore suggests that this deletion is not associated with genetic predisposition in different mouse strains to thyroid tumourigenesis.

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank Head of the Department of Radiation Cytogenetics Helmholtz Center Munich Prof. Dr. H. Zitzelsberger and to the Head of the Master course in Radiation Biology University College London Prof. Claus R. Trott.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Radiation Biology Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany

    O. Klymenko, K.-J. Heiliger, I. Gonzalez Vasconcellos, C. Dalke, M. J. Atkinson & M. Rosemann

Authors
  1. O. Klymenko
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  2. K.-J. Heiliger
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  3. I. Gonzalez Vasconcellos
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  4. C. Dalke
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  5. M. J. Atkinson
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  6. M. Rosemann
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to O. Klymenko .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Medical Physics, McMaster University, Main Street West 1280, Hamilton, L8S 4 K1, Canada

    Carmel E. Mothersill

  2. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, 141980, Russian Federation

    Victoria Korogodina

  3. , Department of Medical Physics, McMaster University, Main Street West 1280, Hamilton, L8S 4K1, Canada

    Colin B. Seymour

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Klymenko, O., Heiliger, KJ., Vasconcellos, I.G., Dalke, C., Atkinson, M.J., Rosemann, M. (2012). Molecular Changes in Radiation Induced Thyroid Carcinomas in Mice. In: Mothersill, C., Korogodina, V., Seymour, C. (eds) Radiobiology and Environmental Security. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1939-2_25

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