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Mobility and Availability of Toxic Metals After Soil Washing with Chelating Agents

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Biomanagement of Metal-Contaminated Soils

Part of the book series: Environmental Pollution ((EPOL,volume 20))

Abstract

Remediation techniques for soils polluted with toxic metals can be divided into two main groups: immobilization and soil washing. Immobilization technologies leave metals in soil, but minimize their availability, while soil washing with chelating agents removes metals from soil. Metals in soil are not entirely accessible to chelating agents and, hence, not entirely removed. Residual metals left in the soil after remediation remain in chemically stable species bound to non-labile soil fractions and are considered nonmobile and non-bioavailable and thus nontoxic. However, with the reintroduction of remediated soil into the environment, the soil is exposed to various environmental factors, which could eventually promote or initiate the transition of the residual metals back to more labile forms to re-establish the disturbed equilibrium. Such a shift is likely to increase the toxicity of the residual metals and, consequently, decrease the final efficiency of soil remediation. Different extraction techniques are used to assess metals bioavailability and the efficiency of soil remediation. Reduced bioavailability of contaminants for organisms is most often assessed by established chemical extraction tests. However, do the chemical extraction tests really provide (include) reliable information on the availability of metals for soil fauna? In the present chapter, the effect of biotic and abiotic environmental factors on the mobility and availability of residual metals in soil after remediation is discussed. Furthermore, the benefits of in vivo assessment of soil remediation efficiency by terrestrial organisms is highlighted.

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  1. Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, Centre for Soil and Environmental Science, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, Sl-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Domen Lestan & Metka Udovic

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  1. Domen Lestan
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Correspondence to Domen Lestan .

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  1. Fac. Agricultural Sciences, Dept. Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India

    Mohammad Saghir Khan

  2. Fac. Agricultural Sciences, Dept. Agricultural Microbiology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India

    Almas Zaidi

  3. , Department of Microbiology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agricu, Pantnagar, 263145, India

    Reeta Goel

  4. , Department of Zoology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Javed Musarrat

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Lestan, D., Udovic, M. (2011). Mobility and Availability of Toxic Metals After Soil Washing with Chelating Agents. In: Khan, M., Zaidi, A., Goel, R., Musarrat, J. (eds) Biomanagement of Metal-Contaminated Soils. Environmental Pollution, vol 20. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1914-9_15

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