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Antimicrobial Compounds from Tree Endophytes

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Endophytes of Forest Trees

Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 80))

Abstract

Endophytes are organisms that live at least parts of their life cycle asymptomatically within the plant tissue. Endophytic fungi include new species as well as latent pathogens and dormant saprophytes. The estimated high species diversity of endophytes and their adaptation to various plant habitats presumes a rich and almost untapped source of new secondary metabolites, some of which might become useful leads for pharmaceutical or agricultural applications. Forests are large reservoirs for fungal diversity, covering 30.3% of the land area in the world. This chapter focuses on bioactive natural compounds, which were isolated from tree endophytes described from 2007 on. Furthermore, an overview is given on research efforts of pharmaceutically significant plant compounds produced by endophytic fungi, namely: taxol, camptothecin, as well as podophyllotoxin and derivatives. In addition, recent literature on endophytes and the biological activity of their extracts is cited.

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Abbreviations

ITS:

internal transcribed spacer

MIC:

minimal inhibitory concentration

IC50 :

half maximal inhibitory concentration

HIV:

human immunodeficiency virus

VOC:

volatile organic compound

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  1. Institut für Biotechnologie und Wirkstoff-Forschung e.V. (Institute for Biotechnology and Drug Research), Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse 56, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Anja Schueffler & Timm Anke

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  1. , Department of Biology, University of Oulu, Linnanmaa Biologintie A6, Oulu, 90570, Finland

    Anna Maria Pirttilä

  2. , School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, North Lake Road 5200, Merced, 95343, California, USA

    A. Carolin Frank

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Schueffler, A., Anke, T. (2011). Antimicrobial Compounds from Tree Endophytes. In: Pirttilä, A., Frank, A. (eds) Endophytes of Forest Trees. Forestry Sciences, vol 80. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1599-8_17

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