Abstract
Identification keys of the most important taxonomic groups of benthic invertebrates recorded in Spanish watersheds are displayed. Some non-Iberian taxa are included, with the aim to facilitate correct taxonomic classification. Identification keys are accompanied by a series of plates. These plates include photographs of the most important taxonomic groups, with more or less detail, to facilitate group identification.
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Notes
- 1.
Some authors consider this family within F. Hirudinidae.
- 2.
Currently this group is considered to be included in F. Planorbidae.
- 3.
Currently this group is considered to be included in F. Planorbidae.
- 4.
This family is not present in the reference database. Some species of amber snails (F. Succineidae ) are amphibious organisms living in damp habitats and river banks. Although they are generally considered as terrestrial organisms and thus not included in biotic indices, we have included it here because their similarity to pond snails (Lymnaeidae ) can lead to erroneous identification of specimens.
- 5.
There are no apparent morphological differences that allow to distinguish between terrestrial and aquatic curculionids. To determine origin, adults need to be classified to species level.
- 6.
Currently this group is considered to be a subfamily of Hydrophilidae.
- 7.
According to Ribera et al (1999) this family is not present in the Iberian Peninsula. Currently this group is considered to be a subfamily of Hydrophilidae.
- 8.
According to Ribera et al (1999) this family is not present in the Iberian Peninsula. Currently this group is considered to be a Âsubfamily of Hydrophilidae.
- 9.
This family is not present in the reference database, but it has been included in this key because it is considered to be present in the Iberian Peninsula by Alba-Tercedor and Jaimez-Cuellar (2003).
- 10.
Some authors consider Aphelocheiridae within the family Naucoridae.
- 11.
Families Rhagioniidae and Dolichopodidae not easily differentiated. We indicate some characters used to differentiate them, but they cannot always be classified accurately.
- 12.
The presence of this family in the Iberian Peninsula has been questioned.
References
Alba-Tercedor J, Jaimez-Cuellar P (2003) Checklist and historical evolution of the knowledge of ephemeroptera in the Iberian penÃnsula, Balearic and Canary Islands. In: Gaino E (ed) Research update on Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. University of Perugia, Perugia, pp 91–97
Ribera I, Hernando C, Aguilera P (1999) An annotated checklist of the Iberian water beetles (Coleoptera). Zapateri 8:43–111
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Oscoz, J., Galicia, D., Miranda, R. (2011). Identification Keys. In: Oscoz, J., Galicia, D., Miranda, R. (eds) Identification Guide of Freshwater Macroinvertebrates of Spain. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1554-7_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1554-7_2
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