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The Performance of Viruliferous and Non-Viruliferous Cassava Biotype Bemisia tabaci on Amino Acid Diets

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The Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Interaction with Geminivirus-Infected Host Plants

Abstract

The role of amino acids is examined through a determination of their ­influence on Bemisia tabaci survival, honeydew secretion and oviposition. B. tabaci showed better performance when feeding on a diet of 20 amino acids more mimicking cassava host plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) as opposed to elevated levels of the amino acids. On a concentration range, 80% survival was observed at 94 h on all concentrations of serine, alanine, proline and phenylalanine. At the higher concentrations, asparagine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine and tryptophan caused poor survival of whiteflies. Greater oviposition occurred on the lower concentrations of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine and histidine but the reverse was true for asparagine. On the basis of B. tabaci survival, honeydew secretion and oviposition, the better amino acids assorted as follows: asparagine, serine, proline, glutamic acid, glutamine, ­threonine, alanine, aspartic acid/cysteine and glycine; and these were predominantly non-essential amino acids. Performance of viruliferous and non-viruliferous B. tabaci on four amino acid diets viz., asparagine, serine, proline and alanine showed that B. tabaci survival was influenced by an interaction effect between whitefly viruliferous status and diet type. This accounted for the significantly higher survival of ­viruliferous whiteflies on the asparagine diet, and non-viruliferous whiteflies on the serine diet as compared to other treatment combinations. Honeydew secretion was influenced by a main diet-type effect. Significantly more honeydew droplets were secreted when feeding occurred on the asparagine diet as compared to the proline and serine diets. Oviposition was not influenced by either an interactive or main effect. Based on analysis, oviposition was not significantly different between viruliferous and non-viruliferous whiteflies. The physiological basis of amino acids is discussed and an insight is presented on the possible role of other nutrients, plant semiochemicals and endosymbionts in the interaction of B. tabaci with its host and begomoviruses.

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  1. Plant Protection, National Agricultural Research Institute, Mon Repos, East Coast Demerara, Georgetown, Guyana, South America

    Winston M. O. Thompson

  2. 15216 NE 8th St., H3 98007, Bellevue, Washington, USA

    Winston M. O. Thompson

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    Winston M.O. Thompson

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Thompson, W.M.O. (2011). The Performance of Viruliferous and Non-Viruliferous Cassava Biotype Bemisia tabaci on Amino Acid Diets. In: Thompson, W. (eds) The Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Interaction with Geminivirus-Infected Host Plants. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1524-0_8

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