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Industry

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Natural Processes and Human Impacts

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Abstract

In an extended sense, the term industry means the totality of enterprises occupied with the production of instruments of labour, extraction of raw materials and minerals, and power generation. It also includes the further processing of products manufactured in industry or in other activities (agriculture and forestry, and fishing). Electric power generation and transmission were considered earlier in Chap. 8, while extraction of raw and other materials is described in Chap. 10. The branches considered here belong to the manufacturing industry. They include the enterprises occupied with processing raw and other materials. The characteristic features of these industrial enterprises are serial production, division of labour, and the use of highly productive machines and equipment and their maximum specialization. Different industrial branches differ strongly in their ages. Among the oldest are the textile industry and metallurgy, while among the relatively young ones are the pulp-and-paper and chemical industries. On the whole, industry is the economic sector having the most important effects on the development of other kinds of human activity.

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  1. Pacific Geographical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Far East Branch, Vladivostok, Russia

    Dr. Sergey M. Govorushko

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  1. Dr. Sergey M. Govorushko
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Correspondence to Sergey M. Govorushko .

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© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

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Govorushko, S.M. (2012). Industry. In: Natural Processes and Human Impacts. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1424-3_9

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