Abstract
Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in fine-mode aerosol formation. Accurate estimates of ammonia from both human and natural emissions can reduce uncertainties in air quality modeling. The majority of ammonia anthropogenic emissions come from the agricultural practices, such as animal operations and fertilizer applications. The current emission estimates at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) are based on the annual National Emission Inventory (NEI). However, accurate estimation of ammonia emissions in space and time has been a challenge. For instance, fertilizer applications vary in the date of application and amount by crop types and geographical area. With the support of the U.S. EPA, we have responded by an agricultural fertilizer modeling system for use with a newly developed ammonia bi-directional flux algorithm in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. This modeling system will simulate NH3 emissions from fertilizer applications on agricultural lands rather than from emission estimates based on pre-defined emission factors. The goal for this paper is to demonstrate how this agricultural fertilizer modeling system is developed for a continental U.S. CMAQ 12-km modeling domain and the tools we developed in this system.
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the U.S. EPA under contract numbers EP-W-09-023 and EP-D-07-102.
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Ran, L., Cooter, E., Benson, V., He, Q. (2011). Development of an Agricultural Fertilizer Modeling System for Bi-Directional Ammonia Fluxes in the CMAQ Model. In: Steyn, D., Trini Castelli, S. (eds) Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXI. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1359-8_36
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1359-8_36
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