Abstract
The development of sustainable built environments requires a range of factors including tools to create and support favourable conditions. Tools include voluntary agreements, environment management systems, eco-labels and old style regulations undergoing new consultation and implementation arrangements. Tools should cultivate cooperation between actors in governance processes. Governance tools should operate across scales, from neighbourhoods to the international arena, to link and advance actions for sustainable built environments. Central to governance tools should be the aim to protect and support the natural capital on which life systems depend. The defining role of natural laws is often side-lined with the myopic view that primacy should be attached to economic capital. Ecosystems thinking can identify factors and dynamics to be considered in designing and implementing governance tools. Using ecosystems thinking as a lens allows us to appreciate the extent to which the environment has been modified. Furthermore, ecosystems thinking can elucidate whether past and current tools developed to deal with consequences of this modification reflect the complexities and dynamics of the natural and built environment.
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Murphy, L., Meijer, F., Visscher, H. (2012). Governance Tools. In: van Bueren, E., van Bohemen, H., Itard, L., Visscher, H. (eds) Sustainable Urban Environments. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1294-2_13
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