Skip to main content

Interaction Between the Mobile Phone and Human Head of Various Sizes

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Electrical Engineering and Applied Computing

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ((LNEE,volume 90))

  • 1387 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter analyzes the specific absorption rate (SAR) induced in human head model of various sizes by a mobile phone at 900 and 1800 MHz. Specifically the study is considering in SAR between adults and children. Moreover, these differences are assessed for compliance with international safety guidelines. Also the effects of these head models on the most important terms for a mobile terminal antenna designer, namely: radiation efficiency, total efficiency and directivity, are investigated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. International Association of Engineers [Online]. Available: http://www.iaeng.org

  2. El Dein AZ, Amr A (2010) Specific absorption rate (SAR) induced in human heads of various sizes when using a mobile phone at 900 and 1800 MHz. Lecture notes in engineering and computer science: Proceeding of the World Congress on Engineering 2010, Vol I, WCE 2010, 30 June–2 July, London, UK, pp 759–763

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kitchen R (2001) RF and microwave radiation safety handbook, Chapter 3, 2nd edn. Newnes, Oxford, pp 47–85

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. CST Microwave studio site. Available: http://www.cst.com/

  5. Kiminami K, Iyama T, Onishi T, Uebayashi S (2008) Novel specific absorption rate (SAR) estimation method based on 2-D scanned electric fields. IEEE Trans Electromagn Compat 50(4):828–836

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Watanabe S, Taki M, Nojima T, Fujiwara O (1996) Characteristics of the SAR distributions in a head exposed to electromagnetic fields radiated by a hand-held portable radio. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech 44(10):1874–1883

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Hadjem A, Lautru D, Dale C, Wong MF, Fouad-Hanna V, Wiart J (2004) Comparison of specific absorption rate (SAR) induced in child-sized and adult heads using a dual band mobile phone. Proceeding on IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symposium Digest, June 2004

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kivekäs O, Ollikainen J, Lehtiniemi T, Vainikainen P (2004) Bandwidth, SAR, and efficiency of internal mobile phone antennas. IEEE Trans Electromagn Compat 46(1):71–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Beard BB et al (2006) Comparisons of computed mobile phone induced SAR in the SAM phantom to that in anatomically correct models of the human head. IEEE Trans Electromagn Compat 48(2):397–407

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Gabriel C (1996) Compilation of the Dielectric Properties of Body Tissues at RF and Microwave Frequencies.“Brooks Air” Force Technical Report AL/OE-TR-1996-0037 [Online]. Available: http://www.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/dielec.sh

  11. El Dein AZ (2010) Interaction between the human body and the mobile phone. Book Published by LAP Lambert Academic, ISBN 978-3-8433-5186-7

    Google Scholar 

  12. FCC, OET Bulletin 65, Evaluating Compliance with FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields. Edition 97-01, released December, 1997

    Google Scholar 

  13. IEEE C95.1-1991 (1992) IEEE standard for safety levels with respect to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., New York

    Google Scholar 

  14. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) (1995) Prestandard ENV 501 66-2, Human exposure to electromagnetic fields. High frequency (10 kHz to 300 GHz)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adel Zein El Dein Mohammed Moussa .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Moussa, A.Z.E.D.M., Amro, A. (2011). Interaction Between the Mobile Phone and Human Head of Various Sizes. In: Ao, SI., Gelman, L. (eds) Electrical Engineering and Applied Computing. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 90. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1192-1_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1192-1_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-007-1191-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-007-1192-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics