Skip to main content

Progress and Paradoxes: New Developments in China’s Higher Education

  • Chapter
Centralization and Decentralization

Part of the book series: CERC Studies in Comparative Education ((CERC,volume 13))

Abstract

One of the great changes witnessed since the early 1980s has been the increasingly important position of China internationally as a socio-economic and geopolitical force. This change has been based on two facts: that the Chinese government has shifted from its isolationist, politics-oriented policies to open door, economic-oriented policies; and the continuous annual GDP increase of about 9 per cent for nearly 20 years. This change has been accompanied by major reforms in higher education ([Agelasto & Adamson 1998], p.l), which are ascribed a key supporting role in the drive to modern- ize the nation. With the recent accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the exponential growth in the use of the Internet, China is accelerating its integration with the rest of the world. Chinese higher education is gaining stronger links with the international community and it is no longer immune from international forces, and thus has to confront new challenges ([Yang 2002a]).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Agelasto, M. & Adamson, B. (eds.) (1998). Higher Education in Post-Mao China. Hong Kong: Hone Kong University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altbach, P.G. (1997). Let the Buyer Pay: International Trends in Funding for Higher Education. International Higher Education. 9: 16-17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altbach, P.G. (1998). Comparative Higher Education: Knowledge, the University and Development. Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ball, S.J. (1998). Big Politics/Small World: An Introduction to International Perspectives in Education Policy. Comparative Education. 34 (2): 119-130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ball, S.J. (2000). Performativity and Fragmentation in 'Postmodern Schooling'. In J. Carter (ed.) Postmodernity and Fragmentation of Welfare. London and New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Becher, T. (1989). Academic Tribes and Territories: Intellectual Enquiry and the Cultures of Disciplines. Milton Keynes: Society for Research into Higher Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boumelha, P. (1998). Art: Revival of the Fittest. The Australian (Higher Education Supplement), September 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braun, D. & Merrien, F-X. (eds.) (1999). Towards A New Governance for Universities? A Comparative View. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, M. (1999). Control of Education: Issues and Tensions in Centralization and Decentralization. In R.F. Amove & C.A. Torres (eds.) Comparative Education: The Dialectic of the Global and the Local. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, M. & Borevskaya, N. (2001). Financing Education in Transitional Societies: Lessons from Russia and China. Comparative Education. 37 (3): 345-365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cerny, P.G. (1996). Paradoxes of the Competition State: The Dynamic of Political Globalisation. Government and Opposition. 32: 251-271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ch'i, H. (1997). Toward a Global Community of Scholars: The Special Partnership between the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and China's Center for Education Development Research 1988-1997. Princeton, NJ: The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.

    Google Scholar 

  • China Education Daily (2001). 8 February.

    Google Scholar 

  • China Education Daily (2001). 24 March.

    Google Scholar 

  • China Education Daily (2001). 28 March.

    Google Scholar 

  • China Education Daily (2001). 27 November.

    Google Scholar 

  • China Education Daily (2001). 7 December.

    Google Scholar 

  • China Education Daily (2002). 9 March.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen, F. (1996). Devolution in Chinese Higher Education Policy in the 1990s: Common Establishment and the “211 Program. ” Leeds: Department of East Asian Studies, University of Leeds.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cleverley, J. (1987). The Concept of Enterprise and the Chinese Universities: A Cautionary Tale of Profit and Loss. Comparative Education. 23 (1): 4-10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng, Z. (1995). A Summary of the Symposium on the Normalisation of Indigenisation of Social Studies, Chinese Social Sciences Quarterly, 10: 164-165. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Deng, Z. (1998). Research and Reflections: Some Considerations about the Independence of Chinese Social Sciences. Shenyang: Liaoning University Press. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Ding, D. (1995). Some Discussions about China's Regional Development and Educational Re- form (An Interview). Jiaoyu Yanjiu. 1: 31-36. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Flynn, N. (1997). Public Sector Management. Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf. Gopinathan, S. (1996). Globalization, the State and Education Policy in Singapore. Asia Pacific Journal of Education. 16: 74-87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayhoe, R. (1999). China's Universities 1895-1995: A Century of Cultural Conflict. Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henkel, M. (1998). Evaluation in Higher Education: Conceptual and Epistemological Foundations. European Journal of Education. 33: 283-297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hood, C. (1991). A Public Management for All Seasons. Public Administration. 69: 3-19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, A., Wang, S. & Kan, X. (1996). Regional Disparities in China. Taipei: Zhonghua ouya yanjiu hui. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Scientific and Technology Information of China (1990). Statistics and Analysis of Chinese Scientific and Technological Papers: 1989 Annual Research Report. Beijing: The Institute of Scientific and Technology Information of China.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ji, P. (2000). An Analysis of China's Higher Education Development in 1999. In Zhehguo Yuan (ed.) (Chinese Education Policy Review). Beijing: Educational Science Publishing House, [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, L. (ed.) (1996). Some Analyses and Forecasts of China's Social Conditions 1995-1996. Beijing: Chinese Social Science Press, [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogan, M. & Hanney, S. (2000). Reforming Higher Education. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, W.O. (1996). The Cultural Context for Chinese Learners: Conceptions of Learning in the Confucian Tradition. In D.A. Watkins & J. Biggs (eds.) The Chinese Learner: Cultural, Psychological and Contextual Influences. Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, P. (1996). Report on the Outline of the Ninth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-range Objectives to the Year 2010. Beijing Review. 39: i-xv.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, S. (1997). A Survey on University Students at Wuhan Universities from Poor Families. Society. 11. in Chinese

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin Y. (1995). Opportunity and challenge: China's economic reform and the Centre for China's Economy at Peking University. Zhongguo Shehui Kexue Jikan. 11: 181 -182. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, H. & Zhen, R. (1999). Self-learning: An Important Path to Higher Education Mssification in China. Higher Education Research. 5. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, S. & Jia, P. (1998). Reports from Diversities: A Survey of University Fees in Shandong Province. Youth Studies. 5. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Min, W. (1999). Global Challenges and the Chinese Response. In P.G. Altbach & P.M. Peter-son (eds.) Higher Education in the Twenty-first Century: Global Challenge and National Response. USA: Institute of International Education and Boston College Centre for International Higher Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Education (1999). Learning Reference of the Action Plan to Vitalise Education in the Twenty-first Century. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press, [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Mok, K.H. (2001a). Globalisation Challenges to Higher Education Governance in South Korea. Public Administration and Policy 10:149-174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mok, K.H. (2001b). Academic Capitalisation in the New Millennium: The Marketisation and Capitalisation of Higher Education in Hong Kong. Policy and Politics 29: 299-315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mok, K.H. (2001c). From Control to Governance: Decentralisation and Higher Education in Guangdong, China. International Review of Education 47: 123-149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mok, K.H. & Chan, D. (eds.) (2002). Globalisation and Education: The Quest for Quality Education in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Centre for Education Development Research (2001). 2000 Green Paper on Education in China. Beijing: Educational Science Publishing House, [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Donoghue, T.A. & Dimmock, C.A.J. (1998). School Restructuring: International Perspec- tives. London: Kogan Page.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pan, M. & Wu, D. (1990). Theoretical Inquiry into the Development of Regional Higher Educa- tion. Jiaoyu Yanjiu. 3: 23-27. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Postiglione, G.A. & Jiang, M. (1999). Academic Culture in Shanghai's Universities. International Higher Education. 17: 12-13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Power, M. (1997). The Audit Society Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao, Y. (2002). Advances and Challenges in Chinese Sciences: On Chinese Life Scientists' Articles in International Journals. Twenty-first Century. 9: 83-94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, J. (1998). Study Warns of Great Divide. The Australian 28 July

    Google Scholar 

  • Robertson, R. & Dale, R. (2000). Competitive Contractualism: A New Social Settlement in New Zealand Education. In D. Coulby, R. Cowen & C. Jones (eds.) World Yearbook of Education: Education in Times of Transition. London: Kogan Page.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sbragia, A. (2000). Governance, the State, and the Market: What is Going On? Governance 13:

    Google Scholar 

  • Slaughter, S. & Leslie, L.L. (1997). Academic Capitalism: Politics, Policies and the Entrepreneurial University. Baltimore, NJ: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolicz, J.J. (2000). Globalization and Higher Education: A Comparison of Educational 'Privatization' in Poland, Iran, Australia and Philippines. World Studies in Education. 1: 99-124.

    Google Scholar 

  • South China Morning Post (2001). 1 August.

    Google Scholar 

  • South China Morning Post (2001). 8 August.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spradley, J.P. (1979). The Ethnographic Interview. New York: Holt, Rinhart and Winston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, T., Gough, J., Bandrock, V. & Winter, R. (1998). A Bleak Outlook: Academic Staff Perceptions of Changes in Core Activities in Australian Higher Education 1991-1996. Studies in Higher Education. 23: 255-268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The Australian (2002). 23 January, p.29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thulstrup, E.W. (1992). Improving the Quality in Developing Country Universities. Washington D. C: The World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Townsend, P. (1979). Poverty in the United Kingdom: A Survey of Household Resources and Standards of Living. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trow, M. (1973). Problems in the Transition from Elite to Mass Higher Education. Conference on Future Structures of Post-secondary Education, Paris, 26-29 June.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNDP (United Nations Development Program) (1999). Human Development Report 1999. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenhui Daily, 16 August 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (1997). China: Higher Education Reform. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (2000). Higher Education in Developing Countries: Peril and Promise. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu, M. (2002). Why Chinese Peasants are Scared of their Children’s Higher Education? Chinese Youth Daily, 20 March.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie, Z. (2001). A Study of the Massification of China's Higher Education. Fuzhou: Fujian Edu- cation Press, [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, R. (2002a). Third Delight: The Internationalisation of Higher Education in China. New York and London: Routledee.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, R. (2002b). Globalisation as a Context of Inequality and Scarcity for Higher Education. International Review of Education forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, R. (2002c). The Chinese Professoriate in Comparative Perspective: Self Perceptions, Academic Life, Gender Differences and Internal Differentiation. In A.R. Welch (ed.) The Professors: Profile of a Profession. Amsterdam: Kluwer, forthcoming.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yin, Q. & White, G. (1993). The “Marketization” of Chinese Higher Education: A Critical Assessment. Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu, C. (1996). Helping the Deprived in Chinese Universities. Chinese Social Work 1. [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, Z. (ed.) (2001). Chinese Education Policy Review in 2001. Beijing: Educational Science Publishing House, [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, L. (1998). Educational Development Research in the Impoverished Areas of China. Nanning: Guangxi Education Press, [in Chinese]

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, P. & Luan, F. (1998). Some Prelimary Discussions about University Students from Poor Families, Journal ofQiqihaer Teachers' College 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhong, W. (1998). Chinese Scholars and the World Community. In M. Agelasto & B. Adamson (eds.) Higher Education in Post-Mao China. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Websites

    Google Scholar 

  • http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/features/universities2000/article_china.html

  • http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/technology/article/0,8707,168248,00.html

  • http://www.cedudaily.com.en/gb/2001/02/08/zy/jryw/3.htm

  • http://news.eastday.com/epublish/gb/paperl48/20010811/classO14800014/hw246

  • http://www.jyb.com.en/gb/2001/03/28/2y/jryw/l.htm

  • http://www.net.edu.cn/20010101/21881.shtml

  • http://www.unn.cn/GB/channel2200/2204/200108/14/93371.html

  • http://news.eastday.com/epublish/gb/paper148/20010811/classO14800014/hw246

  • http://www.unn.cn/GB/channel2200/2204/200108/14/93371.html

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Mok Ka-Ho

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yang, R. (2004). Progress and Paradoxes: New Developments in China’s Higher Education. In: Ka-Ho, M. (eds) Centralization and Decentralization. CERC Studies in Comparative Education, vol 13. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0956-0_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0956-0_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-3753-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-007-0956-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics