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Neurophysiology of Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenia

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Book cover Handbook of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Volume II

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Abstract

Cognitive neurophysiology, the investigation of perceptual and cognitive tasks with EEG or MEG, is a key technique for the investigation of information processing in schizophrenia. In the present chapter we first provide an introduction to the techniques and signals of non-invasive electrophysiology (Part 1) and then explain its application to perceptual (2) and cognitive processes (3). We discuss some of the most widely investigated and replicated electrophysiological features of schizophrenia, including the P50, P1, MMN and P3. Recent applications of time frequency analysis techniques have allowed for a more detailed investigation of the neural mechanisms of cognition and its dysfunction through measures of oscillatory activity (4). We finally introduce some of the current approaches that combine non-invasive neurophysiology, pharmacology and genetics. We will discuss their findings in the context of cellular and molecular models of schizophrenia, particularly in relation to several neurotransmitter systems (5). We argue that cognitive neurophysiology can provide interesting intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Following the recent report of Yuval-Greenberg et al. [17] the possibility of a relationship between induced gamma band activity and microsaccades should also be considered (but see also [18]).

  2. 2.

    Interestingly, Dakin et al. [55] showed that individuals with schizophrenia are less prone to the visual “contrast–contrast” illusion, which suggests that they have weaker visual contextual suppression resulting from impaired lateral inhibition. Thus, deficits in inhibitory processes might be a general deficit across sensory domains.

Abbreviations

AEP:

Auditory evoked potential

ERP:

Event-related potentials

EP:

Evoked potentials

EEG/MEG:

Electro-/Magnetoencephalography

fMRI:

functional magnetic resonance imaging

GABA:

Gamma-amino butyric acid

MMN:

Mismatch negativity

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

NRG1:

Neuregulin 1

PV:

Parvalbumin

(SS)VEP:

Visual (steady-state) evoked potential

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, City University, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK

    Corinna Haenschel

  2. Department of Psychological Medicine and Neurology, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Henry Wellcome Building, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK

    David Linden

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  1. Corinna Haenschel
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  2. David Linden
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Correspondence to Corinna Haenschel .

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  1. , Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technolog, Haifa, Israel

    Michael Ritsner

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Haenschel, C., Linden, D. (2011). Neurophysiology of Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. In: Ritsner, M. (eds) Handbook of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Volume II. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0831-0_18

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