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Industrial welfare and the state: nation and city reconsidered

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Contention and Trust in Cities and States

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Abstract

Industrial welfare history presents important challenges to developmental state theories in “late” industrialization. This article expands the debate by examining how nation-states create statutory welfare by addressing institutional variety beyond markets. It is simplistic to argue linear growth of national welfare or of states autonomously regulating markets to achieve risk-mitigation. I contend that welfare institutions emerge from the state’s essential conflict and collaboration with various alternate institutions in cities and regions. Using histories of Europe, India, and Karnataka, I propose a place-based, work-based, and work-place based welfare typology evolving at differential rates. Although economic imperatives exist to expand local risk-pools, it is precisely the alternate institutional diversity that makes late industrial nation-states unable or unwilling to do so. This results in institutionally “thin,” top-down industrial welfare. Ultimately, theories that overly depend on histories of small nations, homogenous nations, or city-states, provide weak tests of the economics of industrial welfare.

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Acknowledgments

Chris Tilly was a marvelous editor and I thank him and Mike Hanagan for their invitation. I’m delighted to participate in this volume that emphasizes Charles Tilly’s inspiring intellectual legacy. This article represents my ongoing research and two broader projects on comparative social protections and industrial governance at the Technological Change Lab (TCLab) at Columbia University. It is funded from Columbia’s Graduate School for Architecture, Planning, and Preservation (GSAPP), and has been recently awarded a grant from the Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy (ISERP) at Columbia University. Both sources are very gratefully acknowledged. Some materials here are from the ISERP proposal. Several sub-themes were earlier presented at the following conferences and workshops: Universalizing Social Protection in Asia, New Delhi, Feb. 2007, Association for Collegiate Schools of Planning (ACSP), Fort Worth, Oct. 2007, ILO Global Production Networks and Decent Work workshop, Bangalore, Nov. 2007, Sloan Industry Studies conference, Boston, April 2008. I have benefited from questions and discussions at these venues and, in India, from scholars, managers, government officials, union members, and other workers. I thank Dr. Krishnamurthy, chief librarian, University of Mysore, Dr. Frederick Weber for his comments, and Matthew Crosby, Kyle Gerry, Mike Kolber, and Sonal Shah for compiling data for TCLab.

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  1. Urban Planning Program and Technological Change Lab (TCLab), Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Smita Srinivas

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  1. Vassar College, 124 Raymond Avenue, Box 238, Poughkeepsie, 12604-0238, USA

    Michael Hanagan

  2. IRLE / UCLA, 10945 Le Conte Ave., Suite 2107, Los Angeles, 90095-1478, USA

    Chris Tilly

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Srinivas, S. (2011). Industrial welfare and the state: nation and city reconsidered. In: Hanagan, M., Tilly, C. (eds) Contention and Trust in Cities and States. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0756-6_9

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