Abstract
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) requires the achievement of Good Environmental Status (GES) by 2020 and the adoption of the Ecosystem Approach. The former sectoral approach to management must be transformed to adhere to the requirements of the new directive. Fishery is a particularly important example, because it relies heavily on the ecosystem, sustains many coastal communities and still has large economic impacts at national level. We examine the cod fishery in the Eastern Baltic and the feasibility of integrating the intermediate and final ecosystem services and benefits associated with the fishery into the ‘programmes of measures’. We use Decision Space Analysis to visualize the spatial challenges concerning competing priorities and expectations for uses of the marine area, as well as the temporal challenges of achieving GES under the very short time constraints of the MSFD.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
This is the working definition of the KnowSeas project adapted from that of the Ontario ministry for natural resources. A full rationale for the choice of the definition is contained in KnowSeas deliverable 2.1 which may be obtained by contacting the authors.
Abbreviations
- MSFD:
-
Marine strategy framework directive
- GES:
-
Good environmental status
- CFP:
-
Common fisheries policy
- EEZ:
-
Exclusive economic zone
- CAP:
-
Common agricultural policy
- NPV:
-
Net present value
- MSY:
-
Maximum sustainable yield
- MEY:
-
Maximum economic yield
- TAC:
-
Total allowable catch
- ITQ:
-
Individual transferrable quota
References
Aritoli Y, Friedrich J, Gilbert AJ, McQuatters-Gollop A, Mee LD, Vermaat JE, Wulff F, Humborg C, Palmeri L, Pollehne F (2008) Nutrient budgets for European seas. A measure of the effectiveness of nutrient reduction policies. Mar Pollut Bull 56:1609–1617
Boumans R, Costanza R, Farley J, Wilson MA, Portela R, Rotmans J, Villa F, Grasso M (2002) Modeling the dynamics of the integrated earth system and the value of global ecosystem services using the GUMBO model. Ecol Econ 41:529–560
Boyd J, Banzhaf S (2007) What are ecosystem services? The need for standardized environmental accounting units. Ecol Econ 63:616–626
Conley DJ, Björk S, Bonsdorff E, Catstensen J, Destouni G, Custafsson BG, Hietanen S, Kortekaaas M, Kuosa H, Meier HEM, Müller-Karulis B, Nordber K, Norkko A, Nürnbetg G, Pitkänen H, Rabalais NN, Rosenberg R, Savchuk OP, Slomp CP, Voss M, Wulff F, Zillen L (2009) Hypoxia-related processes in the Baltic Sea. Environ Sci Technol 43:3412–3420
Costanza R, d’Arge R, de Groot R, Farber S, Grasso M, Hannon B, Limburg K, Naeem S, O’Neill RV, Paruelo J, Raskin GR, Sutton P, Van den Belt M (1997) The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387:253–260
Daily GC (1997) Nature’s services: societal dependence on natural ecosystems. Island Press, Washington, DC
Daily GC, Walker BH (2000) Seeking the great transition. Nature 403:243–245
Diaz RJ and Rosenberg R (2008) Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems. Science 321:926–928
Duarte CM, Conley DJ, Carstensen J, Sánchez-Camacho M (2008) Return to Neverland: Dhifting baselines affect eutrohication restoration targets. Estuaries and Coasts 32:29–36 (2009)
Ehrlich PR, Ehrlich AH (2008) Nature’s economy and the human economy. Environ Res Econ 39:9–16
Elmgren R (1989) Man’s impact on the ecosystem of the Baltic Sea: energy flows today and at the turn of the century. Ambio 18:326–332
Elmgren R (2001) Understanding human impact on the Baltic ecosystem: changing views in recent decades. Ambio 30:222–231
EU 1979 Directive number 409 of 1979, Official Journal of 25 April 1979
EU 1992 Directive number 43 of 1992, Official Journal of 22 July 1992
EU 2000 Directive number 60 of 2000, Official Journal of 22 December 2000
EU 2008 Directive number 56 of 2008, Official Journal of 17 June 2008
EU 2009 Commission of the European Communities Green paper. Reform of the Common Fisheries Policy. COM 2009 163 final
EU 2010 Decision number 477 of 2010, Official Journal of 2nd September 2010
Fisher B, Turner RK (2008) Ecosystem services: classification for valuation. Biol Conserv 141:1167–1169
Fisher B, Turner RK, Morling P (2009) Defining and classifying ecosystem services for decision makers. Ecol Econ 68:643–653
Flaaten O (1991) Bioeconomics of sustainable harvest of competing species. J Environ Econ Manage 20(2):163–180
Frost H, Andersen JL, Nielsen M (2009) Økonomisk tilpasning til miljømål i blåmuslingefiskeriet. Nationaløkonomisk Tidsskrift 147:158–174 (in Danish)
Gislason H (1999) Single and multispecies reference points for Baltic fish stocks. ICES J Mar Sci 56:571–583
Hanley N, Barbier EB (2009) Pricing nature: Cost-benefit analysis and environmental policy-making. Edward Elgar, London
Hansson M, Axe P, Anserson L (2009) Extent of hypoxia in the Baltic Sea 1960–2009. SMHI Dnr Mo 2009–124
HELCOM (2007) Climate change in the Baltic sea area- HELCOM thematic assessment in 2007. Baltic Sea environment Proceedings 111
Hoel M, Sterner T (2007) Discounting and relative prices. Clim Change. doi:10.1007/s10584-007-9255-2
Hughes AR, Stachowicz JJ (2004) Genetic diversity enhances the resistance of a seagrass ecosystem to disturbance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:8998–9002
Humborg C, Mörth CM, Sundbom M, Wulff F (2007) Riverine transport of biogenic elements to the Baltic Sea- past and possible future perspective. Hydrol Earth Syst Sc 4:1095–1131
ICES (2010) Report of the ICES Advisory Committee, 2010. ICES Advice 2010. Book 8
Johannesson K, André C (2006) Life on the margin: genetic isolation and diversity loss in a peripheral marine ecosystem, the Baltic Sea. Mol Ecol 15:2013–2029
Kronbak L, Roth E (2010) KnowSeas WP4 – Sub-group fisheries. Identification of assessment methods of benefits and costs. Knowseas deliverable 4.1
Limburg KE, Walther Y, Hong B, Olson C, Storå J (2008) Prehistoric versus modern Baltic Sea cod fisheries: selectivity across millennia. Proc R Soc Swed 275:2659–2665
MacKenzie BR, Hinrichsen HH, Plikshs M, Wieland K, Zezera A (2000) Quantifying environmental heterogeneity: estimating the size of habitat for successful cod Gadus morhua egg development in the Baltic Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 193:143–156
Mackenzie BR, Gislason H, Möllman C and Köster FW (2007) Impact of 21st century climate change on Baltic Sea fish community and fisheries. Glob Change Biol 13:1348–1367
Mee LD, Jefferson RL, Laffoley Dd’A, Elliott M (2008) How good is good? Human values and Europe’s proposed Marine Strategy Directive. Mar Pollut Bull 56:187–204
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005) Ecosystems and human well being: Wetlands and water synthesis. World Resources Institute, Washington DC
Naeem S, Li S (1997) Biodiversity enhances ecosystem reliability. Nature 390:507–509
Neumann T (2007) The fate of river-borne nitrogen in the Baltic Sea- An example for the River Oder. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 73:1–7
Pearce DW, Turner RK (1990) Economics of natural resources and the environment. Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead
Plikshs M, Kalejs M, Grauman G (1993) Influence of enveirnmeantal condtions adn spawning stock size on the year-class strength of eastern Baltic Cod. ICES 1993/J:22
Röckmann C, Schneider UA, StJohn MA, Tol RSJ (2007) Rebuilding the Eastern Baltic Cod stock under environmental change- a preliminary approach using stock, environmental and management constraints. Nat Resour Model 20:223–259
Rose C, Dade P, Scott J (2008) Qualitative and quantitative research into public engagement with the undersea landscape in England. Natural England Research Report NERR019. Natural England. Peterborough
Stern N (2006) Review on the economics of climate change. H.M. Treasury, London. http://www.sternreview.org.uk
Suarez de Vivero JL (2007) The European vision for oceans and seas- Social and political dimensions of the green paper on maritime policy for the EU. Mar Policy 31:409–414
Sweitzer J, Langaas S, Folke C (1996) Landuse and population density in the Baltic drainage basin: a GIS database. Ambio 25:191–198
Thurow F (1997) Estimation of the total fish biomass in the Blatic Sea during the 20th century. ICES J. Mar Sci 54:444–461
Tilman D (2005) Biodiversity and ecosystem services: Does biodiversity loss matter? In: Le Duc JP (ed) Proceedings of the international conference: biodiversity: science and governance, January 24–28, 2005, Paris, France
Tilman D, Downing JA (1994) Biodiversity and stability in grasslands. Nature 367:363–365
Vallin L, Nissling A, Westin L (1999) Potential factors influencing reproductive success of Baltic cod, Gadus morhua: A review. Ambio 28:92–99
Vestergaard N, Stoyanova KA, Wagner C (2010) Cost-benefit analysis of the Greenland Shrimp Fishery, Department of environmental and business economics, IME Working Paper No.98/2010
Acknowledgments
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement number 226675. The KnowSeas project is affiliated with LOICZ and LWEC.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
O’Higgins, T., Roth, E. (2011). Integrating the Common Fisheries Policy and the Marine Strategy for the Baltic: Discussion of Spatial and Temporal Scales in the Management and Adaptation to Changing Climate. In: Schernewski, G., Hofstede, J., Neumann, T. (eds) Global Change and Baltic Coastal Zones. Coastal Research Library, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0400-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0400-8_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-0399-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-0400-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)