Abstract
Abstract An overview of what is needed in educational reform at the state and national levels are examined. Seven types of globalization needed for students’ success are reviewed, with ongoing change efforts in South Africa, Australia, Brazil, China, England, and the United States being highlighted. The United States’ educational restructuring efforts at the state level and policies surrounding them are discussed. Next, examples of state and national level educational improvement projects are presented. The chapter ends by showcasing examples of organizations and schools that have made significant progress in educating students for a global 21st century.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. (2010). American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/public_policy/Education_Stimulus_Resources.aspx
Australian Government. (2009). Department of education, employment and workplace relations. Retrieved from http://www.deewr.gov.au/Pages/default.aspx
Ayoub, C., O’Connor, E., Rappolt-Schlictmann, G., Vallotton, C., Raikers, H., & Chazan-Cohen, R. (2009). Cognitive skill performance among young children living in poverty: Risk, change, and the promotive effect of Early Head Start. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 43, 289–305.
Baslar, K. (1998). The concept of the common heritage of mankind in international law. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Bottery, M. (2006). Educational leaders in a globalizing world: A new set of priorities. School Leadership and Management, 4(1), 5–22.
Brazil—Education. (2009). Principles, objectives and aims—Organization and structure. Retrieved from http://www.un.int/brazil/brasil/brazil-education.htm
British Council. (n.d.). UK education system. Retrieved from http://www.britishcouncil.org/usa-education-uk-system-k-12-education.htm
Caputo, R. K. (2003). Head Start, other preschool programs & life success in a youth cohort. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 30(2), 105–126.
Castells, M. (2004). The information age (Vol. 3). Oxford: Blackwell.
Center on Education Policy. (2008). Has student achievement increased since 2002? State test score trends through 2006–2007. Retrieved from http://www.cep- dc.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=page.viewPage&pageID=549&nodeID=1
Cerny, P. G. (2007). Multi-nodal politics: Toward a political process theory of globalization. Retrieved from http://www.mendeley.com/library/
Christensen, C. M., Horn, M. B., & Johnson, C. W. (2008). Disrupting class: How disruptive innovation will change the way the world learns. New York : McGraw-Hill.
Congress of the United States of America. (2009). H. R. 1: The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Retrieved from http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi_dbname=111_cong_bills&docid=f:h1enr.pdf
Couriermail.com.au. (2009, July 7). Number of students in vocational training at 5-year high. Retrieved from http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,25746423- 5003402,00.html
Danns, D., & Span, C. M. (2008). History of schooling. In T. L. Good (Ed.), 21st century education: A reference handbook (Vol. 1, pp. 265–273). Washington, DC: Sage.
Darling-Hammond, L. (2009, February). Linda Darling-Hammond, an expert on education and teaching, describes effective teacher preparation practices. Retrieved from http://www.edutopia.org/linda-darling-hammond-teacher-preparation
Department for Children, Schools and Families. (2009). City challenge. Retrieved from http://www.dcsf.gov. uk/citychallenge/london.shtml
Edvantia, Inc. (2008, June). A chronicle of West Virginia’s 21st century learning initiative (2004–2088. Charleston, WV: Author.
Feigenbaum, H. B. (2001). Globalization and cultural diplomacy. (Issue Paper). Center for the Arts and Culture. Retrieved from http://www.culturalpolicy.org/pdf/globalization.pdf
Ferrari, J. (2008, May 13). Schools funding boost for education revolution. The Australian. Retrieved from http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/boost-for-education-revolution/story-e6frgcoo-1111116329398
Gillard, J. (2009, June). A new progressive consensus for Australian schools. Paper presented at the Brookings Institution. Retrieved from http://www.brookings.edu/
Gray, R., & Francis, E. (2007). The implication of US experiences with early childhood interventions for the UK Sure Start Programme. Child: Care, Health and Development, 33(6), 655–663.
Green, E. (2009, January 22). The future of school policy, if Darling-Hammond has her way. Gotham Schools. Retrieved from http://gothamschools.org/2009/01/22/the-future-of-school-policy-if-darling-hammond-has-her-way/
Guimaraes de Castro, M. H. (2002). Education: an educational reform strategy in Brazil. Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais. Retrieved from http://www.inep.gov.br/download/internacional/idioma/Evaluation_an%20educational%20reform%20strategy%20in%20Brazil_april%202002.pdf
Instituto Fernand Braudel of World Economics. (2008). Community projects. Retrieved from http://www.braudel.org.br/en/index.php?old=http://www.braudel.org.br/en/pesquisas/
Karvelas, P. (2008, April 17). PM’s 2020 pledge for every child. The Australian. Retrieved from http://www.theaustralian.com.au/story/0,,23552235-2702,00.html
Kay, K. (2004, November). A vision for 21st century education. Paper presented at the 2004 Annual Policy Forum, Kiawah Island, South Carolina. Retrieved from http://www.ccsso.org/content/PDFs/21stCenturySchools.pdf
Key Competencies. (n.d.). What could key competencies look like in practice? Retrieved from http://keycompetencies.tki.org.nz/
Key School, Inc. (n.d.). Welcome. Retrieved from http://www.thekeyschool.com/home/.htm
Kluver, R., & Fu, W. (2004). The cultural globalization index. Foreign Policy. Retrieved from http://www.foreignpolicy.com
Kohn, A. (2009, February). When 21st-century schooling just isn’t good enough: A modest proposal. District Administration, 45(2), 38–39.
Lacunza, S. (2009). Argentina: Mixed marks for educational system. Inter Press Service. Retrieved from http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=40671
Learning Outside the Classroom. (n.d). Retrieved from http://www.lotc.org.uk/
Legrain, P. (2003, May 9). Cultural globalization is not Americanization. In Chronicle Review. Retrieved from http://www.philippelegrain.com/legrain/the_chronicle_review/
Magnus, G. (2009). The age of aging: How demographics are changing the global economy and our world. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
McDougall, B. (2009, May 12). More than 50,000 new university places will be created. Couriermail.com.au. Retrieved from http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,,25470877-5012912,00.html
Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China. (n.d.). Basic education in China. Retrieved from http://www.moe.edu.cn/edoas/website18/en/basic_b.htm
Moodie, G. (2009, April 29). Limitations to skilled proposals. The Australian. Retrieved from http://www.theaustralian.com.au/story/0,,25400304-25192,00.html
Motshekga, A. (2009, October 1). Minister of basic education. Address presented at the Quality Learning and Teaching Campaign business breakfast, Sandton Convention Centre. Retrieved from http://www.education.gov.za/dynamic/dynamic.aspx?pageid=306&id=8945
National Center for Education Statistics. (2010). The nation’s report card. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/
National Center for Education Statistics. (n.d.) Program for international student assessment (PISA). Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/
Neilson, B. (2003). Globalization and the biopolitics of aging. CR: The New Centennial Review, 3(2), 161–186.
New Tech Network. (n.d.). About innovative instruction, culture, technology. Retrieved from http://www.newtechfoundation.org/about.html
Nichols, S. L. (2008). NCLB: Effects on Achievement. In T. L. Good (Ed.), 21st century education: A reference handbook (Vol. 2, pp. 374–381). Washington, DC: Sage.
North Central Regional Educational Laboratory. (n.d.). The key learning community. Retrieved from http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/methods/assment/as7key.htm
Olsen, L., & DeBoside, T. (2007). Enhancing school readiness: The early head start model. Children & Schools, 29(1), 47–50.
Panayotou, T. (2000). Globalization and environment. (Harvard University Center for International Development Working Paper No. 53). Retrieved from http://www.cid.harvard.edu/cidwp/pdf/053.pdf
Parker, W. C. (2008). Knowing and doing in democratic citizenship education. In L. Levstik & C. Tyson (Eds.), Handbook of research on social studies education (pp. 65–80). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2004). Moving education forward: Who we are. Retrieved from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/
Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2002). Learning for the 21st century: A report and MILE guide for 21st century skills. Retrieved from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=82&Itemid=185
Pompeu de Toledo, R. (2006, February 1). Around the table with Homer and Marchado de Assis. Veja. Retrieved from http://www.circulosdeleitura.org.br/en/PDF/Veja_RPToledo_eng.pdf
Rycroft, R. W., & Kash, D. E. (1999). The complexity challenge: Technological innovation for the 21st century. London: Pinter.
South Africa.info. (n.d.). Education in South Africa. Retrieved from http://www.southafrica.info/about/education/education.htm
The Key School. (n.d.). The Key School, a coed pre-K through grade 12 independent school. Retrieved from http://www.keyschool.org/
The Partnership for 21st Century Skill (2006) A state leaders action guide to 21st century skills: A new vision for . Retrieved from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=221&Itemid=116
Stevenson, Z., Jr., Schertzer, S. T., & Ham, D. E., Sr. (2008). NCLB: Intent and requirements. In T. L. Good (Ed.), 21st century education: A reference handbook (Vol. 2, pp. 351–362). Washington, DC: Sage.
Stewart, V. (2005). A world transformed: How other countries are preparing students for the interconnected world of the 21st century. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 229–232.
Stewart, V. (2008). World-Smart students. Phi Delta Kappan, 90(3), 203–205.
The Fluid Power Educational Foundation. (2010). From kids to employees. Retrieved from http://www.fpef.org/
United States, Congress. House Committee on Education and Labor. (2007). Improving Head Start Act of 2007. Retrieved from http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS80922
U.S. Department of Education. (2004). The four pillars of NCLB. Retrieved from http://www.ed.gov/nclb/overview/intro/4pillars.html
U.S. Department of Education. (2007). U.S. network for education information. Retrieved from http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ous/international/usnei/edlite-index.html
U.S. Department of Education. (February 18, 2009). The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009: Education jobs and reform. Retrieved from http://ed.gov/policy/gen/leg/recovery/factsheet/overview.html
U.S. Department of Education. (n.d.). Mission. Retrieved on from http://www.ed.gov
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary Education. (2002a). No child left behind: A desk reference. Retrieved from http://74.125.113.132/search?q=cache:Fe3O9mniqxQJ:www.ed.gov/admins/lead/account/nclbreference/reference.pdf+NCLB+Desktop+Reference&cd=2&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary Education. (2002b). Progress by our schools and the U.S. Department of Education. Retrieved from http://www.ed.gov/print/nclb/accountability/results/trends/progress.html
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2009). About the office of head start. Retrieved from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ohs/about/index.html#mission
U.S. Government. (2009). Head start for children. Retrieved from http://www.usa.gov
Wagner, T. (2009). The global achievement gap: Why even our best schools don’t teach the new survival skills our children need—and what we can do about it. New York: Basic Books.
West Virginia Department of Education. (n.d.). Global21: Students deserve it-the world demands it. Retrieved from http://wvde.state.wv.us/global21/
West Virginia Department of Education. (n.d.). Assessments and accountability. Retrieved from http://wvde.state.wv.us/oaa/
West Virginia Department of Education. (n.d.). Teach 21. Retrieved from http://wvde.state.wv.us/teach21/
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Templeton, R.A., Huffman, K., Johnson, C.E. (2011). Educational Reform: What Have Federal and State Policy Makers Done?. In: Wan, G., Gut, D. (eds) Bringing Schools into the 21st Century. Explorations of Educational Purpose, vol 13. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0268-4_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0268-4_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-0267-7
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-0268-4
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawEducation (R0)