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Brassinosteroids – occurence and chemical structures in plants

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Brassinosteroids: A Class of Plant Hormone

Abstract

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of plant polyhydroxysteroids that have been recognized as a new kind of phytohormones that play an essential role in plant development. BRs occur at low concentrations throughout the plant kingdom. They have been detected in all plant organs (pollen, anthers, seeds, leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and grains) and also in the insect and crown galls. BRs are structurally related to animal and insect steroid hormones. Natural 69 BRs identified so far, have a common 5α-cholestan skeleton, and their structural variations come from the kind and orientation of oxygenated functions in rings A and B. As regards the B-ring oxidation, BRs are divided into 7-oxalactone, 6-ketone (6-oxo) and 6-deoxo (non-oxidized). These steroids can be classified as C27, C28 or C29 BRs depending on the alkyl-substitution on the C-24 in the side chain. In addition to free BRs, sugar and fatty acid conjugates have been also identified in plants.

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  1. Institute of Biology, University of Bialystok, Swierkowa 20 B, 15-950, Bialystok, Poland

    Andrzej Bajguz

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  1. , Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Anoop Sahar Road, ALIGARH, 202002, India

    Shamsul Hayat

  2. , Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Anoop Sahar Road, ALIGARH, 202002, India

    Aqil Ahmad

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Bajguz, A. (2011). Brassinosteroids – occurence and chemical structures in plants. In: Hayat, S., Ahmad, A. (eds) Brassinosteroids: A Class of Plant Hormone. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0189-2_1

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