Abstract
The introduction to this work set out the views of States from different parts of the world, which expressed in the General Assembly of the WIPO how the regime of international intellectual property laws should be infused with a development agenda.
This chapter highlights the fact that calls for a more development-oriented IP regime are not new and, as seen previously, only in recent years has a concerted effort been made for a development-friendly IP regime by the international community. This has occurred in the context of powerful arguments in favor of a right to development. The said right today stands on solid ground and embodies a comprehensive set of principles and rights, which are discussed in this chapter.
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Notes
- 1.
Preamble, Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization, Stockholm on 14 July 1967, Available at http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/convention/trtdocs_wo029.html.
- 2.
Article 1, Agreement between the United Nationsand the World Intellectual Property Organization, Entered into force on 17 December 1974. Available at http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/treaties/en/agreement/pdf/un_wipo_agreement.pdf.
- 3.
Marrakesh Agreement establishing the WTO.
- 4.
Article 7, TRIPS Agreement, http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/agreement/trips.html#part2.7.
- 5.
Id.
- 6.
De Beer 2009
- 7.
Drahos and Brathwaite 2003.
- 8.
Fink and Maskus 2005.
- 9.
Id., 6.
- 10.
Wong and Dutfield 2011.
- 11.
Nussbaum 1997.
- 12.
De Beer 2009, 5.
- 13.
This framework is used by by Wong and Dutfield 2011. See also Gervais 2007; Matthews 2011a; Khor and Khor 2002, Meléndez-Ortiz and Roffe 2009.
- 14.
M’Baye (1972). See also M’Baye, “Emergence of the ‘Right to Development’ as a Human Right in the Context of a New International Economic Order,” address to Meeting of Experts on Human Rights, Human Needs and the Establishment of a New International Economic Order, 16 July 1979, SS-78/CONF.630/8.
- 15.
African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights (1979), Article 22. See, generally Zeleza and McConnaughay 2004.
- 16.
Vienna Declaration on Human Rights 1993, para 10.
- 17.
See, generally, Chowdhury et al. 1992 and de Waart et al., 1988.
- 18.
See, generally, Chapman and Russell 2002.
- 19.
ICESCR, GENERAL COMMENT No. 17, 2005: The right of everyone to benefit from the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he or she is the author (Article 15, para 1 (c), of the Covenant).
- 20.
Millennium Declaration, adopted by Heads of State and Government at the United Nations General Assembly, 2000, para 31.
- 21.
UN Human Rights Council, “The Right to Development,” Resolution 15/25, 7 October 2010, A/HRC/RES/15/25.
- 22.
Submission in follow-up to HRC Resolution 15/25.
- 23.
Summary of the Panel Discussion of the Human Rights Council on the theme, “The Way Forward inte h Realization of the Right to Development: Between Policy and Practice,” (Geneva, 14–18 September 2011), 2 November 2011, A/HRC/WG.2/12/4.
- 24.
Summary of the Panel Discussion of the Human Rights Council on the theme, “The Way Forward in the Realization of the Right to Development: Between Policy and Practice,” (Geneva, 14–18 September 2011), 2 November 2011, A/HRC/WG.2/12/4, para 31.
- 25.
Report of the High-Level Task Force on the Implementation of the Right to Development on its Sixth Session (Geneva, 14–22 January 2010), A/HRC/15/WG.2/TF/2, para 11. Canada, the European Union and the USA did not feel that an international convention would be appropriate.
- 26.
Id., para 15.
- 27.
Id., para 18.
- 28.
Id., para 63. See UN Doc. A/HRC/15/WG.2/TF/CRP.5.
- 29.
Id., para 29.
- 30.
Id., 31, 7.
- 31.
E/CN.4/2006/26, paras. 51–53.
- 32.
Id., para 36, 8.
- 33.
Id., para 38, 9.
- 34.
Id., para 41, 10.
- 35.
Ibid., para 41, 10.
- 36.
WTO, Submission in follow-up to HRC Resolution 15/25, “The Right to Development,” Available at http://www.ohchr.org. Acessed on 12 December, 2011.
- 37.
UN, “The Right to Development,” Report of the Secretary General, 1 August 2011, A/66/216, para 15.
- 38.
Id., para 37.
- 39.
See further Jolly et al. 2009.
- 40.
Schachter 1992, 27.
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Ramcharan, R. (2013). Imperatives of the Right to Development. In: International Intellectual Property Law and Human Security. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague, The Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-900-9_5
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