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From Rome to Lisbon: SGIs in Primary Law

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Developments in Services of General Interest

Part of the book series: Legal Issues of Services of General Interest ((LEGAL))

Abstract

This chapter is a discussion of the historical, political and, cultural specificity of the generic concept of ‘public services’ in Europe. The enlargement of the EU in 2004 and 2007 has added even greater complexity to the diversity of concepts of public services already found in the EU. Bauby notes that it is interesting to see that in 1957 (what is now) Article 93 TFEU (in the Chapter on Transport) used the term ‘public service’, whereas, Article 106(2) TFEU (ex Article 90(2) EEC, Article 86(2) EC) created a new concept of ‘services of general economic interest’ but this was a derogation from the fundamental economic freedom and competition law of the EU. This was an entirely new concept which was not recognised in any language of the original Member States or in scientific literature. However, attempts to put SGEIs on a positive footing in EU legislation have met with resistance and it is questionable how far the new Treaty of Lisbon 2009 will provide an adequate legal basis for EU legislation.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    According to, in particular, Cahiers français, no 339, Les services publics, juillet-août 2007, La Documentation Française; Valin 2007.

  2. 2.

    Marcou and Moderne 2005; Bell and Kennedy 2001.

  3. 3.

    Andreff 2007; Atilla 2003.

  4. 4.

    Forsthoff 1969; See also the translation of the term ‘service of general interest’—Dienste von allgemeinem Interesse, or of the concept ‘public service’ used in the Community law—öffentlicher Dienst.

  5. 5.

    Mangenot 2005.

  6. 6.

    Modeen 2001.

  7. 7.

    According to, in particular, Bauby 1997; Lyon-Caen and Champeil-Desplats 2001; Bauby 2008, 2007.

  8. 8.

    We use the numbering of articles in the current treaties (the so-called Lisbon), in force since 1 December 2009.

  9. 9.

    ‘Aids shall be compatible with the Treaties if they meet the needs of coordination of transport or if they represent reimbursement for the discharge of certain obligations inherent in the concept of a public service.’

  10. 10.

    COM(2004) 374.

  11. 11.

    Directive 2006/123/CE on services in the internal market.

  12. 12.

    COM(2004) 374, point 3.2.

  13. 13.

    It is significant that Article 90 of the Treaty of Rome has not been changed since 1957.

  14. 14.

    For example, Guglielmi and Koubi 2009.

  15. 15.

    See in particular CEEP 1995; Mangenot 2005.

  16. 16.

    Bauby 2007–2008.

  17. 17.

    Bauby 1998; Savary 2005.

  18. 18.

    ECJ, Case C-320/91 Procureur du Roi v Paul Corbeau [1993] ECR I-2533.

  19. 19.

    ECJ, Case C-393/92, Municipality of Almelo v NV Energiebedrijf IJsselmij [1994] ECR I-1477.

  20. 20.

    European Commission, Green Paper on Services of General Interest, 2003, COM(2003) 270 final; European Commission, White Paper on Services of General Interest, 2004, COM(2004) 374 final; European Commission, Communication on ‘Services of general interest, including social services of general interest: a new European commitment’, 2007, COM(2007) 725 final.

  21. 21.

    JOEU C 303 of 14.12.2007.

  22. 22.

    Except for the limited application in Poland and the UK.

  23. 23.

    Article 51 TEU.

  24. 24.

    Hoorens 2008.

  25. 25.

    Three texts concerning state aid in the form of public service compensation (two texts of 28 November 2005: a decision on the application of Article 86(2) of the EC Treaty to State aid in the form of public service compensation granted to certain undertakings entrusted with the operation of services of general economic interest and a Community framework for State aid in the form of public service compensation) and a Directive on the transparency of financial relations between Member States and public undertakings as well as on financial transparency within certain undertakings (obligation of keeping separate accounts), replaced on 16 November 2006 by the Directive 2006/111/EC. These texts are currently under review by the Commission: http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/10/715&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en

  26. 26.

    Rodrigues 2005; Bell 2001.

  27. 27.

    CEEP-CIRIEC 2000.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Paris 8 University, 66 rue de Rome, Paris, 75008, France

    Pierre Bauby

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  1. Pierre Bauby
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Correspondence to Pierre Bauby .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , School of Law, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom

    Erika Szyszczak

  2. , School of Social Sciences, Department of, University of Northampton, Park Campus, Boughton Green Road, Northampton, NN2 7AL, United Kingdom

    Jim Davies

  3. , Department of Private Law, University of Oslo, Domus Media, Karl Johans gate 47, Oslo, 0162, Norway

    Mads Andenæs

  4. , Department of Private Law, University of Oslo, Domus Exilii, St. Olavs gate 23, Oslo, 0166, Norway

    Tarjei Bekkedal

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© 2011 T.M.C. ASSER PRESS, The Hague, The Netherlands, and the authors

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Bauby, P. (2011). From Rome to Lisbon: SGIs in Primary Law. In: Szyszczak, E., Davies, J., Andenæs, M., Bekkedal, T. (eds) Developments in Services of General Interest. Legal Issues of Services of General Interest. T.M.C. Asser Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-734-0_2

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