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Chapter 4

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Challenges in Health and Development

Abstract

National level programs create materials for and interest in health and development, but the benefits of such programs are not equally distributed across geographic territories or across sub-populations. The poor, minorities, women and those living in rural areas tend to receive fewer benefits and experience large differentials in terms of overall development and health outcomes. Non-governmental organizations, civil society, and parastatal organizations can address the gaps in services and resources. They do this through small-scale enterprises and locally-based investment in individuals and households. One such community-based program is the Grameen Bank, an NGO that provides microcredit to poor, rural, women. It has been successful in raising household income and improving human capital in Bangladesh, but it has had mixed results in terms of up-scaling for broader scale poverty alleviation and social impact. Gonoshasthaya Kendra is an NGO that provides community-based health care in Bangladesh using allopathic and traditional means. It has been successful in reducing maternal mortality in the regions it serves by understanding and using resources at the local level. Although this NGO provides evidence that community-based health programs can be successful in delivering appropriate and acceptable health care to select communities, difficulty remains in scaling up to national levels.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver, 2201 South Gaylord Street, Suite 101, Denver, CO, 80203, USA

    Dr. Sandy A. Johnson

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  1. Dr. Sandy A. Johnson
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Correspondence to Sandy A. Johnson .

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Johnson, S.A. (2011). Chapter 4. In: Challenges in Health and Development. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9953-2_4

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