Skip to main content

Creating Positive Social Change Through Building Positive Organizations: Four Levels of Intervention

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

There is no doubt that in the last decade applications of positive psychology in the workplace have provided organizations with “another way” of doing business and managing people. The term “positive organization” shares its origins with Seligman’s (2002) third pillar of authentic happiness as being “positive institutions.” While the first pillar of positive emotion, and the second pillar of positive characteristics have been examined in detail, the third pillar of positive institutions has received less attention – which is probably symptomatic of psychology’s typically predominant focus on the individual or interpersonal level of interaction, as distinct from the level of the institution, community, or social system (of course with exceptions – please allow us to speak in general terms here).

Positive psychology is both reflective and enabling of wider cultural trends – the zeitgeist of our times

(Linley, Joseph, Harrington, & Wood, 2006).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Baumeister, R. F., Bratslavsky, E., Finkenauer, C., & Vohs, K. D. (2001). Bad is stronger than good. Review of General Psychology, 5, 323–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cameron, K., & Lavine, M. (2006). Making the impossible possible: Leading extraordinary performance: The Rocky Flats story. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christakis, N., & Fowler, J. (2010). Amazing power of social networks and how they shape our lives. HarperCollins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooperrider, D., & Whitney, D. (2005). Appreciative inquiry: A positive revolution in change. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooperrider, D., & Whitney, D. (2008). Appreciative inquiry handbook: For leaders of change. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, P. F. (1967). The effective executive. London: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emery, F. E., & Trist, E. L. (1960). Socio-technical systems. In C. W. Churchman & M. Verhurst (Eds.), Management sciences, models and techniques (Vol. 2, pp. 83–97). London: Pergamon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farquhar, K. (2006). Intervention phase. In B. B. Jones & M. Brazzel (Eds.), The NTL handbook of organizational development and change. San Francisco: Pfeiffer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2009). Positivity: Discover the ratio that tips your life toward flourishing. New York: Crown Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fredrickson, B. L., & Losada, M. (2005). Positive emotions and the complex dynamics of human flourishing. American Psychologist, 60, 678–686.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garcea, N., Harrington, S., & Linley, P. A.  (2009). Building Positive Organizations. In P. A. Linley, S. Harrington & N. Garcea (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology and Work. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Govindji, R., & Linley, P. A. (2007). Strengths use, self-concordance and well-being: Implications for strengths coaching and coaching psychologists. International Coaching Psychology Review, 2(2), 143–153.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrero, L. (2008). Viral Change: the alternative to slow, painful and unsuccessful management of change in organisation. Beaconsfield, UK: Meetingminds.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hilton, S., & Gibbons, G. (2002). Good business: Your world needs you. London: Texere.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hogan, R. (2007). Personality and the fate of organizations. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laszlo, C. (2008). Sustainable value: How the world’s leading companies are doing well by doing good. Sheffield: Greenleaf Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leach, M. (2006). Changing organizations and systems from the outside: OD practitioners as agents for social change. In B. B. Jones & M. Brazzel (Eds.), The NTL handbook of organizational development and change. San Francisco: Pfeiffer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linley, P. A., Joseph, S., Harrington, S., & Wood, A. M. (2006). Positive psychology: Past, present, and (possible) future. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1, 3–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lippitt, R. (1980). Choosing the future you prefer. Washington, DC: Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Losada, M., & Heaphy, E. (2004). The role of positivity and connectivity in the performance of business teams: A nonlinear dynamics model. American Behavioral Scientist, 47(6), 740–765.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marshak, R. J. (2006). Covert processes at work: Managing the five hidden dimensions of organizational change. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minahan, M. (2006). Working with groups in organizations. In B. B. Jones & M. Brazzel (Eds.), The NTL handbook of organizational development and change. San Francisco: Pfeiffer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minhas, G. (2010). Developing realised and unrealised strengths: Implications for engagement, self-esteem, life satisfaction and well-being. Assessment and Development Matters, 2(1), 12–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, D., & Garrett, J. (2009). Strengths: Your leading edge. In P. A. Linley, S. Harrington, & N. J. Garcea (Eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology and work. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naumann, S. E., & Bennett, N. (2000). A case for procedural justice climate: Development and test of a multilevel model. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 881–889.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Page, N., & Carter, D. (2008). Strengths-based organization. In S. J. Lopez (Ed.), The encyclopaedia of positive psychology. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozin, P., & Royzam, E. (2001). Negativity bias, negativity dominance, and contagion. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5, 296–320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schein, E. H. (2009). Helping: How to offer, give, and receive help. New York: McGraw Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410–421.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, K. M., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2006). How to increase and sustain positive emotion: The effects of expressing gratitude and visualizing best possible selves. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1, 73–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sin, N. L., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2009). Enhancing well-being and alleviating depressive symptoms with positive psychology interventions: A practice-friendly meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 65, 467–487.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich, D. (2009). The abundant organization [foreword]. In P. A. Linley, S. Harrington, & N. Garcea (Eds.), Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology and Work. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisbord, M. R. (1987). Productive workplaces: Organizing and managing for dignity, meaningand community. San Francisco: Jossey-Basss.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicky Garcea .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Garcea, N., Linley, P.A. (2011). Creating Positive Social Change Through Building Positive Organizations: Four Levels of Intervention. In: Biswas-Diener, R. (eds) Positive Psychology as Social Change. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9938-9_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics