Abstract
Based on a number of studies and scientific reports on the historical evolution of global temperatures, it has been determined that climatic change is inclined toward warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has now declared that “warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level” (IPCC 2007: 30). This global warming has become a major threat to sustainable development and growth in all regions around the world, and particularly so in Africa as this work demonstrates.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aaheim A, Berkhout F, McEvoy D, Mechler R, Neufeldt H, Patt A, Watkiss P, Wreford A, Kundzewicz Z, Lavalle C, Egenhofer C (2008) Adaptation to climate change: why is it needed and how can it be implemented? CEPS Policy Brief No. 161. Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels
ActionAid International (2006) Climate change, urban flooding and the rights of the urban poor in Africa: key findings from six African cities. Action Aid International, London
Allison EH et al. (2009) Vulnerability of national economies to the impacts of climate change on fisheries. Fish Fisheries 10(2):173–96
APF (Africa Partnership Forum) (2008). Climate challenges to Africa: a call for action. http://www.africapartnershipforum.org. Accessed 15 March 2009
Barrios S et al. (2006) Climatic change and rural-urban migration: the case of Sub-Saharan Africa. J Urban Econ 60(3):357–71
Bates BC et al. (2008) Climate change and water: IPCC technical paper VI. IPCC Secretariat, Geneva
Boko M et al. (2007) Africa. In: Parry M et al. (eds) Climate change 2007: impacts, adaptation and vulnerability: working group II contribution to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 433–67
Brown O (2008) Migration and climate change. International Organization for Migration, Geneva
Campbell-Lendrum D, Corvalán C (2007) Climate change and developing-country cities: implications for environmental health and equity. J Urban Health 84(1):i109–i117
Case M (2006) Climate change impacts on East Africa: a review of the scientific literature. World Wide Fund for Nature, Gland, Switzerland
CCPAN (2007) Climate Change Glossary. http://www.climatephilanthropists.org/basics Accessed 20 May 2009
Chappell A, Agnew CT (2004) Modelling climate change in West African Sahel Rainfall (1931–90) as an artifact of changing station locations. Int J Climatol 24(5):547–54
Christensen JH et al. (2007) Regional Climate Projections. In: Solomon S et al. (eds.). Climate change 2007: the physical science basis: contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 847–940
City of Cape Town (2008) Final report: sea-level rise adaptation and risk mitigation measures for the City of Cape Town. http://www.capetown.gov.za. Accessed 20 March 2009
Collier P, Conway G, Venables T (2008) Climate change and Africa. Oxf Rev Econ Policy 24(2):337–53
Dai A et al. (2004) The recent Sahel drought is real. Int J Climatol 24(11):1323–31
Desanker PV, Justice CO (2001) Africa and global climate change: critical issues and suggestions for further research and integrated assessment modeling. Climate Res 17(2):93–103
Deshingkar P, Grimm S (2005) Internal migration and development: a global perspective. International Organization for Migration, Geneva
Dodman D (2008) Against the tide: climate change and high-risk cities. IIED Briefing. International Institute for Environment and Development, London
Dossou KMR, Gléhouenou-Dossou B (2007) The vulnerability to climate change of cotonou (Benin): the rise in sea level. Environ Urban 19(1):65–79
Douglas I et al. (2008) Unjust waters: climate change, flooding and the urban poor in Africa. Environ Urban 20(1):187–205
Eriksen S, O’Brien K, Rosentrater L (2008) Climate change in Eastern and Southern Africa: impacts, vulnerability and adaptation. Global Environmental Change and Human Security (GECHS) International Project Office, University of Oslo, Oslo
eThekwiniMunicipality (2007) Climate change: what does it mean for eThekwini Municipality? eThekwini Municipality, Durban
FAO (2007) Africa. State of the world’s forests 2007. FAO, Rome
FAO (2008) Climate change and food security: a framework document. FAO, Rome
Gallup JL, Sachs JD (2001) The economic burden of malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 64(1,2):85–96
Girardet H (2008) Cities people planet: urban development and climate change. Wiley, Chichester, UK
Hein L, Metzger MJ, Leemans R (2009) The local impacts of climate change in the Ferlo, Western Sahel. Clim Change 93(3–4):465–83
Henry S, Schoumaker B, Beuchemin C (2004) The impact of rainfall on the first out-migration: a multi-level event-history analysis in Burkina Faso. Popul Environ 25(5):423–60
Hope KR (1998) Urbanization and urban growth in Africa. J Asian Afr Stud 33(4):345–57
Hope KR (1999) Managing rapid urbanization in Africa: some aspects of policy. J Third World Stud 16(2):47–59
Hope KR (2008) Poverty, livelihoods, and governance in Africa: fulfilling the development promise. Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Hope KR, Lekorwe M (1999) Urbanization and the environment in Southern Africa: towards a managed framework for the sustainability of cities. J Environ Plann Manage 42(6):837–59
Hudson D, Jones R (2002) Regional climate model simulations of present day and future climates of Southern Africa. Technical Note 39. Hadley Center, Bracknell, UK
Hulme M et al. (2001) African climate change: 1900–2100. Climate Res 17(2):145–68
IPCC (2007) Climate change 2007: synthesis report. http://www.ipcc.ch. Accessed 15 March 2009
LaFleur V, Purvis N, Jones A (2009) Double jeopardy: what the climate crisis means for the poor. Brookings Institution, Washington, DC
Malhi Y, Wright J (2004) Spatial patterns and recent trends in the climate of tropical rainforest regions. Philos Trans Royal Soc B 359(1443):311–29
May E, Caron Z (2009) Global warming for dummies. Wiley, Mississauga, Ontario
McGranahan G, Balk D, Anderson B (2007) The rising tide: assessing the risks of climate change and human settlements in low elevation coastal zones. Environ Urban 19(1):17–37
Molua EL, Lambi CM (2007) The economic impact of climate change on agriculture in Cameroon. Policy Research Working Paper 4364. World Bank, Washington, DC
Moser C, Satterthwaite D (2008) Towards pro-poor adaptation to climate change in the urban centres of low- and middle-income countries. International Institute for Environment and Development, London
Mukheibir P, Ziervogel G (2007) Developing a municipal adaptation plan (MAP) for climate change: the City of Cape Town. Environ Urban 19(1):143–58
NCDC (National Climatic Data Center) (2008) Global climate at a glance: mean temperature anomalies. http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/gcag/index.jsp. Accessed 20 March 2009
Nicholson SE (2001) Climatic and environmental change in Africa during the last two centuries. Climate Res 17(2):123–44
Nyong A (2005) The economic, developmental and livelihood implications of climate induced depletion of ecosystems and biodiversity in Africa. Presented at the Scientific Symposium on Stabilization of Greenhouse Gases, Exeter, UK, 1–3 Feb 2005
Nyong A (2009) Climate Change Impacts in the Developing World: Implications for Sustainable Development. In: Brainard L, Jones A, Purvis N (eds) Climate change and global poverty: a billion lives in the balance? Brookings Institution Press, Washington, DC, pp 43–64
Parry ML et al. (2004) Effects of climate change on global food production under SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios. Global Environ Change 14(1):53–67
Phalatse L (2008) Capacity building needs and opportunities from the perspective of municipal government. Prepared for the Workshop to Assess Needs and Opportunities, African Climate Change Fellowship Programme, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 11–13 March 2008
Roberts D (2008) Thinking globally, acting locally – institutionalizing climate change at the local government level in Durban, South Africa. Environ Urban 20(2):521–37
Ruosteenoja K et al. (2003) Future climate in world regions: an inter-comparison of model-based projections for the new IPCC emission scenarios. Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki
Sachs J, Malaney P (2002) The economic and social burden of malaria. Nature 415(6872):680–5
Satterthwaite D et al. (2007) Adapting to climate change in urban areas: the possibilities and constraints in low- and middle-income nations. International Institute for Environment and Development, London
Schipper ELF (2009) Meeting at the crossroads?: exploring the linkages between climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Climate Dev 1(1):16–30
Schreck CJ, Semazzi FHM (2004) Variability of the recent climate of Eastern Africa. Int J Climatol 24(6):681–701
Swalheim S, Dodman D (2008) Building resilience: how the urban poor can drive climate adaptation. Sustainable development opinion. http://www.iied.org. Accessed 20 March 2009
UNDP (2007) Human development report 2007/2008: fighting climate change: human solidarity in a divided world. Palgrave Macmillan, New York
UNFCCC Secretariat (n.d.a.) Adaptation. http://www.unfccc.int. Accessed 15 March 2009
UNFCCC Secretariat (n.d.b.). Submitted NAPAs http://www.unfccc.int. Accessed 15 March 2009
UN-HABITAT (2008) The state of African cities 2008: a framework for addressing urban challenges in Africa. UN-HABITAT, Nairobi
Unmüßig B, Cramer S (2008) Climate change in Africa. Hamburg: German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA) Focus Africa, No.2
World Bank (2009) Africa development indicators 2008/09: youth and employment in Africa. World Bank, Washington, DC
WHO (2008) Protecting health from climate change: World Health Day 2008. WHO, Geneva
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hope, K.R. (2011). Climate Change in the Context of Urban Development in Africa. In: Yuen, B., Kumssa, A. (eds) Climate Change and Sustainable Urban Development in Africa and Asia. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9867-2_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9867-2_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-9866-5
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-9867-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)