Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Earthquake Engineering in Europe pp 311–330Cite as

Open Issues in the Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Geotechnical, Geological, and Earthquake Engineering ((GGEE,volume 17))

Abstract

The chapter presents an overview of recent research on the seismic assessment/retrofit and design of bridges, focussing on some of the aspects which are still not adequately covered in the codes. These are: The level of protection to be provided when upgrading an existing bridge, and in particular whether this should be differentiated between new designs and retrofit of existing bridges; The appropriate methods of analysis and modelling, with emphasis on the scope of nonlinear static methods and to the problems related to the selection of the input for dynamic analysis; Soil-foundation-structure interaction and non uniform support input, representing two controversial issues that may be mature for an inclusion in routine bridge analysis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • ATC, Applied Technology Council (1983) Seismic retrofitting manual for highway bridges, Report ATC6-2

    Google Scholar 

  • Badoni D, Makris N (1996) Nonlinear response of single piles under lateral inertial and seismic loads. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 15:29–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baker J, Cornell CA (2006) Spectral shape, epsilon and record selection. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 35:1077–1095

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biskinis D, Roupakias G, Fardis MN (2003) Cyclic deformation capacity of shear-critical RC elements. In: Proceedings of the fib 2003 symposium: concrete structures in seismic regions, Athens, Greece

    Google Scholar 

  • Calvi GM, Pinto PE (1996) Experimental and numerical investigation on the seismic response of bridges and recommendations for code provisions. ECOEST-PREC8 Report No 4, LNEC, Lisbon

    Google Scholar 

  • CEN (2005) European committee for standardization: Eurocode 8 design of structures for earthquake resistance Part 2. Bridges, Brussels, Belgium

    Google Scholar 

  • Ceresa P, Petrini L, Pinho R (2007) Flexure-shear fiber beam-column elements for modeling frame structures under seismic loading – state of the art. J Earthquake Eng 11:46–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cornell CA (2005) On earthquake record selection for nonlinear dynamic analysis. In: Proceedings of the Luis Esteva symposium, Mexico City, Mexico

    Google Scholar 

  • Der Kiureghian A (1996) A coherency model for spatially varying ground motions earthquake. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 25:99–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Der Kiureghian A, Neuenhofer A (1992) Response spectrum method for multi-support seismic excitations. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 21:713–740

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobry R, Gazetas G (1988) Simple method for dynamic stiffness and damping of floating pile groups. Géotechnique 38:557–574

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • EAEE, European Association of Earthquake Engineering (2010) Task Group 11: inelastic methods for seismic design and assessment of bridges (Draft)

    Google Scholar 

  • El Naggar MH, Novak M (1996) Non linear analysis for dynamic lateral pile response. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 15:233–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elgamal A, Yan L, Yang Z, Conte JP (2008) Three-dimensional seismic response of humboldt bay Bridge-Foundation-Ground System. J Struct Eng 134:1165–1176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Faccioli E, Villani M (2009) Seismic hazard mapping for Italy in terms of broadband displacement response spectra. Earthquake Spectra 25:515

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fajfar P (2000) A nonlinear analysis method for performance-based seismic design. Earthquake Spectra 16:573–592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FHWA, Federal Highway Administration (1995) Seismic retrofitting manual for highway bridges, Publ. No. FHWA-RD-94 052

    Google Scholar 

  • FHWA-MCEER, Federal Highway Administration and Multi-disciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (2006) Seismic retrofitting manual for highway structures. Part 1 – Bridges, FHWA-HRT-06-032

    Google Scholar 

  • fib, International Federation of Structural Concrete (2007) Seismic bridge design and retrofit – structural solutions, Bulletin 39

    Google Scholar 

  • Franchin P, Pinto PE (2009) Allowing traffic over mainshock-damaged bridges. J Earthquake Eng 13:585–599

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gerolymos N (2009) Seismic soil-structure interaction: New Approaches in Performance Based design of Foundations, Earthquake Engineering by the Beach Workshop, July 2–4, 2009, Capri, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerolymos N, Gazetas G (2006) Development of a Winkler model for static and dynamic response of caisson foundations with soil and interface nonlinearities. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 26:363–376

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goel RK, Chopra AK (2002) A modal pushover analysis procedure for estimating seismic demands for buildings. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 31:561–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Iervolino I, Galasso C, Cosenza E (2009) REXEL: computer aided record selection for code-based seismic structural analysis. Bull Earthquake Eng. 8:339–362. doi 10.1007/s10518-009-9146-1

    Google Scholar 

  • Klar A (2003) Model studies of seismic behaviour of piles in sands. PhD thesis, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

    Google Scholar 

  • Kowalsky M, Priestley MJN (2000) Improved analytical model for shear strength of circular reinforced concrete columns in seismic regions. ACI Struct J 97:388–396

    Google Scholar 

  • Luco JE (1982) Linear soil-structure interaction: a review. Earthquake ground motion effects struct. ASME, AMD 53:41–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Lupoi A, Franchin P, Monti G, Pinto PE (2005) Seismic design of bridges accounting for spatial variability of ground motion. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 34:327–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mackie KR, Stojadinovic B (2005) Fragility basis for California highway overpass bridge seismic decision making. Technical Report 2005-02, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Makris N, Gazetas G (1991) Dynamic pile-soil-pile interaction. Part I: Analysis of axial vibration. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 20:115–132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Makris N, Gazetas G (1992) Dynamic pile-soil-pile interaction. Part II: Lateral and seismic response. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 21:145–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKenna F, Fenves GL, Scott MH (2007) OpenSees: open system for earthquake engineering simulation. http://opensees.berkeley.edu, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • MI, Ministero delle Infrastrutture (2008) Decreto Ministeriale del 14/1/2008 recante Nuove norme tecniche per le costruzioni (Decree 14/1/2008, New technical norms for constructions)

    Google Scholar 

  • Monti G, Pinto PE (1998) Effects of multi-support excitation on isolated bridges. In: Proceedings of the US–Italy workshop on seismic protective systems for bridges, Technical Report MCEER-98-0015, 225–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Mylonakis G (1995) Contributions to static and seismic analysis of piles and pile-supported bridge piers. Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Mylonakis G, Nikolaou A, Gazetas G (1997) Soil-Pile-Bridge seismic interaction: kinematic and inertial effects, Part I: Soft soil. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 26:337–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paraskeva Th, Kappos AJ (2009) Further development of a multimodal pushover analysis procedure for seismic assessment of bridges. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 39:211–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Pecker A (2006) Enhanced seismic design of shallow foundations: example of the rion-antirion bridge. In: Proceedings of the 4th Athenian lecture on geotechnical engineering, Athens

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinho R, Casarotti C, Monteiro R (2007) An adaptive capacity spectrum method and other nonlinear static procedures applied to the seismic assessment of bridges. In: Proceedings of the 1st US–Italy workshop on seismic design and assessment of bridges, Pavia, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinto PE, Franchin P (2010) Issues in the upgrade of Italian highway structures. J Earthquake Eng 14

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinto PE, Franchin P, Lupoi A (2009) Seismic assessment and retrofit of existing bridges (in Italian). IUSS Press, Pavia

    Google Scholar 

  • Priestley MJN, Seible F, Calvi GM (1996) Seismic design and retrofit of bridges. Wiley, New York, NY

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Sextos AG, Kappos AJ, Pitilakis KD (2003b) Inelastic dynamic analysis of RC bridges accounting for spatial variability of ground motion, site effects and soil–structure interaction phenomena. Part 2: Parametric study. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 32:629–652

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sextos AG, Pitilakis KD, Kappos AJ (2003a) Inelastic dynamic analysis of RC bridges accounting for spatial variability of ground motion, site effects and soil–structure interaction phenomena. Part 1: Methodology and analytical tools. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 32:607–628

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sezen H (2008) Shear deformation model for reinforced concrete columns. Struct Eng Mech 28:39–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Sezen H, Moehle JP (2004) Shear strength model for lightly reinforced concrete columns. J Struct Eng 130:1692–1703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taherzadeh R, Clouteau D, Cottereau R (2009) Simple formulas for the dynamic stiffness of pile groups. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 38:1665–1685

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • TEE, Technical chamber of Greece (2007) National greek retrofit code (draft version)

    Google Scholar 

  • Unjoh S, Terayama T, Adachi Y, Hoshikuma J (2000) Seismic retrofit of existing highway bridges in Japan. Cement Concr Compos 22:1–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf JP (1991) Consistent lumped-parameter models for unbonded soil: physical representation. Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 20:12–32

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, University of Roma “La Sapienza”, 00197, Rome, Italy

    Paolo E. Pinto & Paolo Franchin

Authors
  1. Paolo E. Pinto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paolo Franchin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paolo E. Pinto .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Engineering Seismology (IZIIS), Institute of Earthquake Engineering &, Skopje, Macedonia

    Mihail Garevski

  2. Earthquake Research Institute, Kandilli Observatory, Bogazici University, Cengelkoy, Istanbul, 34688, Turkey

    Atilla Ansal

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pinto, P.E., Franchin, P. (2010). Open Issues in the Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges. In: Garevski, M., Ansal, A. (eds) Earthquake Engineering in Europe. Geotechnical, Geological, and Earthquake Engineering, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9544-2_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation