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Structural and Functional Adaptations in Plants for Salinity Tolerance

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Abstract

Salt tolerance in plants is a multifarious phenomenon involving a variety of changes at molecular, organelle, cellular, tissue as well as whole plant level. In addition, salt tolerant plants show a range of adaptations not only in morphological or structural features but also in metabolic and physiological processes that enable them to survive under extreme saline environments. Morpho–anatomical adaptations include xeromorphic characteristics like thick epidermis and sclerenchyma, well developed bulliform cells, increased density of trichomes and increased moisture retaining capacity by increasing cell size and vacuolar volume. Development of excretory structures like vesicular hairs and salt glands is another major structural adaptation and very crucial for salt tolerance. Physiological adaptations include restricted toxic ion uptake, increased succulence, osmotic adjustment and exclusion of toxic Na+ and Cl–.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Mansoor Hameed & Nargis Naz

  2. Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ashraf & Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Muhammad Ashraf

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  1. Mansoor Hameed
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  2. Muhammad Ashraf
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  3. Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad
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  4. Nargis Naz
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Correspondence to Mansoor Hameed , Muhammad Ashraf , Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad or Nargis Naz .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Facutlty of Sciences, Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    M. Ashraf

  2. Centre for Environmental Studies, Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Ege University, Fen Fakultesi A Blok 2. Kat, Bornova, Izmir, 35100, Turkey

    M. Ozturk

  3. Dept. Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 30840, Pakistan

    M. S. A. Ahmad

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Hameed, M., Ashraf, M., Ahmad, M.S.A., Naz, N. (2010). Structural and Functional Adaptations in Plants for Salinity Tolerance. In: Ashraf, M., Ozturk, M., Ahmad, M. (eds) Plant Adaptation and Phytoremediation. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9370-7_8

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