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The Role of Histamine in Immunoregulation in Context of T-Regulatory and Invariant NKT Cells

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Biomedical Aspects of Histamine

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Abstract

Histamine (HA) is one of the most versatile biogenic amines with multiple physiological functions in the central nervous system (CNS), the respiratory and the intestinal tract due to its ability to induce severe inflammatory reactions. More recently, a number of studies have established that besides its most obvious contribution in allergic reactions, HA also exerts more subtle regulatory functions influencing the orientation of the immune response, thus rekindling interest in this field of investigation. It can influence numerous functions of the cells involved in the regulation of immune responses and hematopoiesis of macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and endothelial cells. All these cells express histamine receptors and also secrete histamine, which can selectively recruit major effector cells into tissue sites and affect their maturation, activation, polarization, and effector functions leading to chronic inflammation. Histamine regulates antigen-specific T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 2 (Th2) cells, as well as related isotype specific antibody responses. Histamine acts through its receptor called as histamine receptor (H1-H4) subtypes, which positively interferes with the peripheral antigen tolerance induced by T-regulatory cells (Tregs) through several pathways. Natural killer T (NKT) cells are the heterogeneous population of innate immune T cells that have been attracted the attention of many researchers due to their potential to regulate immune responses to a variety of pathogens, tumors, autoimmune diseases etc. A majority of NKT cells in mice are invariant NKT (iNKT) cells and are considered to be immunoregulatory in nature, due to their ability to promptly produce both Th1 and Th2 cytokines rapidly upon activation. In this chapter, we have tried to focus on HA participation in NKT cell activation by functional tuning to ensure optimal cytokine production, which leads to the recruitment and activation of other immune cells involved in inflammatory responses mediated through eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils, conventional T lymphocytes, dendritic cells etc.

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  1. Food Animal Health Research Program (FAHRP), Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), The Ohio State University, 1680, Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA

    Varun Dwivedi & Renukaradhya J. Gourapura

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  1. Varun Dwivedi
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  2. Renukaradhya J. Gourapura
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Correspondence to Varun Dwivedi .

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  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University, N. Rutledge 751, Springfield, 62702, Illinois, USA

    Nancy Khardori

  2. J. N. Medical College, Dept. Pharmacology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India

    Rahat Ali Khan

  3. Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College &, Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India

    Trivendra Tripathi

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Dwivedi, V., Gourapura, R.J. (2010). The Role of Histamine in Immunoregulation in Context of T-Regulatory and Invariant NKT Cells. In: Khardori, N., Khan, R., Tripathi, T. (eds) Biomedical Aspects of Histamine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9349-3_5

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