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Reconstruction of Biological Three-Dimensional Tissues: Bioprinting and Biofabrication Using Inkjet Technology

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Cell and Organ Printing

Abstract

We have developed three-dimensional (3D) fabrication technology using direct cell printing to overcome several intrinsic problems of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Initial experiments using inkjet technology showed good feasibility of direct printing of living cells, however, problems such as drying and ink bleeding persisted. Using gel precursor and gel reactant such as sodium alginate solution and calcium chloride solution, we succeeded in developing a gelation technique capable of printing living cells by inkjet safely and effectively. This technique prevents cells from drying and maintaining printed position even in wet conditions. In addition, semi-solid hydrogel enables us to fabricate 3D structures using the individual inkjet droplet as the base unit of fabrication. Our ‘3D Bioprinter’ is capable of fabricating 3D hydrogel structures such as fibers, sheets, lattices and tube structures with only hydrogel and with hydrogel and living cells together. Using multi-nozzles, 3D hydrogel structures with different types of living cells were successfully fabricated. In this chapter, we present the development of 3D biofabrication by direct cell printing using an inkjet and hydrogel. We will also discuss the present state of 3D tissue engineering and potential issues for future developments using our approach in the context of development of artificial organs.

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank all of the students of the Nakamura Laboratory in the University of Toyama, all of the members of the Bioprinting project of Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology in Japan, and also all the parties involved in this project. The author would like to thank several developers of Japanese inkjet machines for their kind support and suggestions in regard to the ink jet technology.

This work was supported by the Kanagawa Academy of Science and Technology, and Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research (#17300146, #18880042, and #18760518) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

    Makoto Nakamura

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  1. Makoto Nakamura
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Correspondence to Makoto Nakamura .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Div. Chemistry, Code 6113, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Overlook Ave. SW., 4555, Washington, 20375, District of Columbia, USA

    Bradley R. Ringeisen

  2. Chemical Dynamics and Diagnostics Branch, Code 6113, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Overlook Ave. SW., 4555, Washington, 20375, District of Columbia, USA

    Barry J. Spargo

  3. Div. Chemistry, Code 6113, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Overlook Ave. SW., 4555, Washington, 20375, District of Columbia, USA

    Peter K. Wu

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Nakamura, M. (2010). Reconstruction of Biological Three-Dimensional Tissues: Bioprinting and Biofabrication Using Inkjet Technology. In: Ringeisen, B., Spargo, B., Wu, P. (eds) Cell and Organ Printing. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9145-1_2

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