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Regulators of TLR4 Signaling by Endotoxins

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Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 53))

Abstract

The stimulation of TLR4 by LPS activates two distinct signaling pathways leading to the expression of diverse inflammatory genes. Intensive studies over the past decade have revealed the components involved in these signaling pathways, however, more recently the focus has shifted somewhat towards the components that regulate these pathways. Several regulatory mechanisms, including localisation of components, splice variants and inhibitory molecules will be discussed in this review.

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Abbreviations

PRRs:

pathogen recognition receptors

PAMPS:

pathogen-associated molecular patterns

IFNs:

interferons

TLRs:

Toll-like receptors

LPS:

lipopolysacchairde

TIR:

toll-IL-1 receptor

MYD88:

myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88)

Mal:

MyD88-adaptor like

TRIF:

TIR domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-beta

TRAM:

TRIF-related adaptor molecule

Mal:

MyD88-adaptor like

TAG:

TRAM adaptor with GOLD domain

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland

    Anne F. McGettrick & Luke A.J. O’Neill

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  1. Anne F. McGettrick
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  2. Luke A.J. O’Neill
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Correspondence to Anne F. McGettrick .

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  1. Dept. Biochemistry, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China, People's Republic

    Xiaoyuan Wang

  2. European Southern Observatory (ESO), Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, Garching, 85748, Germany

    Peter J. Quinn

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McGettrick, A.F., O’Neill, L.A. (2010). Regulators of TLR4 Signaling by Endotoxins. In: Wang, X., Quinn, P. (eds) Endotoxins: Structure, Function and Recognition. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 53. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9078-2_7

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