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Muscle and Ligament Regeneration

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Regenerative Medicine

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Abstract

Muscle injury and degenerative muscle disease is a disabling condition in sport medicine and a challenging problem in orthopedic surgery. Upon traumatic or degenerative changes in the structure of the muscle, regeneration befalls mainly by increased proliferation of satellite cells. If the injury is extensive fibrosis and scar tissue formation occurs. Till now various alternative therapeutic ways have been proposed to boost muscle regeneration. These methods include the use of growth factors, antioxidative therapy, cell based therapy and cell transplantation as well as the use of scaffolds. Growth factors, antioxidative substances and endogenous polypeptides can not only influence but also control the natural repair processes by acting on different intracellular pathways. Cell orientated therapies have been popular in muscle regeneration mainly because small quantities of cells are needed to achieve therapeutic effects. Transplantation of stem cells, myoblasts and genetically modified cells has been used after injury to restore muscle structure and function. Furthermore scaffolds have been used to repair muscle defects and to generate new muscle fibers. Similar approaches have been made for regeneration of ligaments. There are a number of cell sources that are potentially helpful for cell mediated tissue regeneration. Scaffolds provide temporary mechanical support and can carry cells which promote the ligament regeneration. Furthermore growth factors can be used to stimulate ligament healing and accelerate regeneration mainly by modulating the proliferation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rostock, Schillingallee 35, Rostock, 18057, Germany

    Thomas Mittlmeier & Ioannis Stratos

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  1. Thomas Mittlmeier
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  2. Ioannis Stratos
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Correspondence to Thomas Mittlmeier .

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Herzchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Rostock, Schillingallee 35, Rostock, 18057, Germany

    Gustav Steinhoff

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Mittlmeier, T., Stratos, I. (2011). Muscle and Ligament Regeneration. In: Steinhoff, G. (eds) Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9075-1_38

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