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Cell Adhesion Molecules in Colon Cancer Metastasis

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Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Metastasis - Biology and Treatment ((CMBT,volume 14))

Abstract

Cell adhesion molecules play a pivotal role in the progression and metastatic spread of epithelial malignancies including colorectal cancer. In addition to cancer cells, multiple cell populations such as endothelial, epithelial and hematopoietic cells express adhesion molecules. The expression of these molecules usually varies among primary and metastatic sites; their down-regulation contributes to tumour cell detachment from the primary site but their re-expression assists tumour cell attachment to the foreign tissue, thereby favouring colonization in the target organ. In the case of colorectal cancer cells, down-regulation of E-cadherin and the standard form of CD44 facilitates tumour cell detachment from the primary carcinoma, while the enhanced expression of various integrin subunits, selectins, CD44 variant isoforms as well as members of the immunoglobulin superfamily support tumour-host attachment, resulting in the metastatic spread of colon tumour cells to the liver. In this chapter, we present some of the best studied cell adhesion molecules in the context of colorectal cancer, and describe the dynamic nature of tumour-host interactions that heavily rely on the expression of such adhesion molecules and their ligands.

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Abbreviations

CD44:

Cluster of differentiation 44

CEA:

Carcinoembryonic antigen

COX2:

Cyclooxygenase 2

EMT:

Epithelial mesenchymal transition

ESL-1:

E-selectin ligand-1

GPI:

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol

HCELL:

Hematopoietic cell E-/L-selectin ligand

ICAM-1:

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1

LAK cells:

Lymphokine-activated killer cells

LAMP-1:

Lysosome-associated membrane protein 1

LEU-CAM:

Leukocyte cell adhesion molecule

MAdCAM-1:

Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1

MMP9:

Matrix metalloproteinase-9

PSGL1:

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1

RGD:

Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid

VCAM:

Vascular cell adhesion molecule

VLA:

Very late antigen

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Acknowledgments

The work described in this chapter was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute.

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  1. Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada

    Azadeh Arabzadeh

  2. Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Lab 708, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1Y6

    Nicole Beauchemin

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  1. Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer, Research Centre, McGill University, Promenade Sir William Osler 3655, Montreal, H3G 1Y6, Canada

    Nicole Beauchemin

  2. Hôpital L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie, Université Laval, rue McMahon 9, Quebec, G1R 2J6, Canada

    Jacques Huot

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Arabzadeh, A., Beauchemin, N. (2010). Cell Adhesion Molecules in Colon Cancer Metastasis. In: Beauchemin, N., Huot, J. (eds) Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Metastasis - Biology and Treatment, vol 14. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8833-8_7

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