Skip to main content

Nanocomposites for Regenerative Medicine

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
  • 1105 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter describes properties and applications of nanocomposites in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine with an emphasis on the impact of the nanophase on nanocomposite function. The nanophase can be used as a means to engineer new physical properties that improve the utility of tissue engineering scaffolds. Several examples of the use of the nanophase for mechanical reinforcement or drug delivery are discussed with an emphasis on understanding how nanoparticles are used to achieve the controlled release of macromolecules. Advances in nanotechnology, knowledge of mechanical reinforcement at the nanoscale level, and new strategies for controlled drug release will contribute to the next generation of nanocomposite-based scaffolds designed for regenerative medicine.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ahmed F et al (2006) Biodegradable polymersomes loaded with both paclitaxel and doxorubicin permeate and shrink tumors, inducing apoptosis in proportion to accumulated drug. J Control Release 116(2):150–158

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asuri P et al (2006) Increasing protein stability through control of the nanoscale environment. Langmuir 22(13):5833–5836

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atala A, Lanza RP (2001) Methods of tissue engineering. Academic, San Diego, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Bleach NC et al (2002) Effect of filler content on mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of particulate biphasic calcium phosphate-polylactide composties. Biomaterials 23:1579–1585

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bull SR et al (2005) Self-assembled peptide amphiphile nanofibers conjugated to MRI contrast agents. Nano Lett 5(1):1–4

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bulter DL, Goldstein SA, Guilak F (2000) Functional tissue engineering: the role of biomechanics. J Biomech Eng 122:570–575

    Google Scholar 

  • Casey A et al (2007) Spectroscopic analysis confirms the interactions between single walled carbon nanotubes and various dyes commonly used to assess cytotoxicity. Carbon 45(7):1432

    Google Scholar 

  • Catledge SA et al (2007) An electrospun triphasic nanofibrous scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2:142–150

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chew S et al (2006) Mechanical properties of single electrospun drug-encapsulated nanofibres. Nanotechnology 17:3880–3891

    Google Scholar 

  • Chorny M et al (2007) Magnetically driven plasmid DNA delivery with biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. FASEB J 21(10):2510–2519

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cooke FW (1992) Ceramics in orthopedic surgery. Clin Orthop Relat Res 6:135–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Cool SM et al (2007) Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) composite materials for bone tissue regeneration: in vitro performance assessed by osteoblast proliferation, osteoclast adhesion and resorption, and macrophage proinflammatory response. J Biomed Mater Res 82:599–610

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crosby AJ, Lee JY (2007a) Polymer nanocomposites: the “nano” effect on mechanical properties. Polym Rev 47(2):217–229

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crosby AJ, Lee J-Y (2007b) Polymer nanocomposites: the “nano” effect on mechanical properties. Polym Rev 47:217–229

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daniels AU, Chang MK, Andriano KP (1990) Mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers and composites proposed for internal fixation of bone. J Appl Biomater 1(1):57–78

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das M et al (2007) Auto-catalytic ceria nanoparticles offer neuroprotection to adult rat spinal cord neurons. Biomaterials 28(10):1918–1925

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deng X, Hao J, Wang C (2001) Preparation and mechanical properties of nanocomposites of poly(D, L-lactide) with Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite nanocrystals. Biomaterials 22(21):2867–2873

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Devalapally H et al (2007) Poly(ethylene oxide)-modified poly(beta-amino ester) nanoparticles as a pH-sensitive system for tumor-targeted delivery of hydrophobic drugs: part 3. Therapeutic efficacy and safety studies in ovarian cancer xenograft model. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 59(4):477–484

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Du C et al (1998) Tissue response to nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen composite implants in marrow cavity. J Biomed Mater Res 42:540–548

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Du C et al (1999) Three-dimensional nano-HAp/collagen matrix loading with osteogenic cells in organ culture. J Biomed Mater Res 44:407–415

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Du C et al (2000) Formation of calcium phosphate/collagen composites through mineralization of collagen matrix. J Biomed Mater Res 50:518–527

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eaton M (2007) Nanomedicine: industry-wise research. Nat Mater 6(4):251–253

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elcin AE, Elcin YM (2006) Localized angiogenesis induced by human vascular endothelial growth factor-activated PLGA sponge. Tissue Eng 12(4):959–968

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feazell RP et al (2007) Soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes as longboat delivery systems for platinum(IV) anticancer drug design. J Am Chem Soc 129(27):8438–8439

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao H et al (2007) Conjugates of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) on amino cyclodextrins and their nanoparticles as protein delivery system. J Biomed Mater Res A 80(1):111–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaucher G et al (2005) Block copolymer micelles: preparation, characterization and application in drug delivery. J Control Release 109(1–3):169–188

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibson LJ (1985) The mechanical behavior of cancellous bone. Biomechanics 18:317–328

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gu F, Neufeld R, Amsden B (2007) Sustained release of bioactive therapeutic proteins from a biodegradable elastomeric device. J Control Release 117(1):80–89

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guler M, Claussena R, Stupp SI (2005) Encapsulation of pyrene within self-assembled peptide amphiphile nanofibers. J Mater Chem 15:4507–4512

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartgerink JD, Beniash E, Stupp SI (2001) Self-assembly and mineralization of peptide-amphiphile nanofibers. Science 294(5547):1684–1688

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hench LL, Polak JM (2002) Third-generation biomedical materials. Science 295:1014–1017

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hosseinkhani H et al (2007) Bone regeneration through controlled release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 from 3-D tissue engineered nano-scaffold. J Control Release 117(3):380–386

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hu SH et al (2007) Nano-ferrosponges for controlled drug release. J Control Release 121(3):181–189

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang H et al (2007) Active nanodiamond hydrogels for chemotherapeutic delivery. Nano Lett 7(11):3305–3314

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang H et al (2006) Modulation of protein release from biodegradable core-shell structured fibers prepared by coaxial electrospinning. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 79(1):50–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Jie W, Yubao L (2004) Tissue engineering scaffold material of nano-apatite crystals and polyamide composite. Eur Polym J 40:509–515

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordan J et al (2005) Experimental trends in polymer nanocomposites – a review. Mater Sci Eng A 393:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Jurvelin JS, Buschmann MD, Hunziker EB (2003) Mechanical anisotropy of the human knee articular cartilage in compression. Proc Inst Mech Eng [H] 217(3):215–219

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kabanov AV, Gendelman HE (2007) Nanomedicine in the diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. Progress Polym Sci 32(8–9):1054–1082

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim BS, Mooney DJ (2000) Scaffolds for engineering smooth muscle under cyclic mechanical strain conditions. J Biomech Eng 122(3):210–215

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim BS et al (1999) Cyclic mechanical strain regulates the development of engineered smooth muscle tissue. Nat Biotechnol 17(10):979–983

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim Y et al (2005) Polymeric worm micelles as nano-carriers for drug delivery. Nanotechnology 16:S484–S491

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim S et al (2006) Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)/hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 27:1399–1409

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kohri M et al (1993) In vivo stability of biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics. Biomaterials 14:299–304

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koji H et al (2001) Prospects for bone fixation development of new cerclage fixation techniques. Mater Sci Eng C 17(1–2):19–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Kong L et al (2005) Preparation and characterization of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite. J Biomed Mater Res 75:275–282

    Google Scholar 

  • Kong L et al (2006) A study on the bioactivity of chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Eur Polym J 42:3171–3179

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Korhonen RK et al (2002) Comparison of the equilibrium response of articular cartilage in unconfined compression, confined compression and indentation. J Biomech 35(7):903–909

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kreuter J (2001) Nanoparticulate systems for brain delivery of drugs. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 47(1):65–81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kweon H et al (2003) A novel degradable polycaprolactone networks for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 24(5):801–808

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kwon SH et al (2003) Synthesis and dissolution behavior of B-TCP and HA/B-TCP composite powders. J Eur Ceramic Soc 23:1039–1045

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer R, Vacanti JP (1993) Tissue engineering. Science 260(5110):920–926

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH et al (2003) Elastic biodegradable poly(glycolide-co-caprolactone) scaffold for tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res 66A(1):29–37

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SH, Zhang Z, Feng SS (2007) Nanoparticles of poly(lactide)-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (PLA-TPGS) copolymers for protein drug delivery. Biomaterials 28(11):2041–2050

    Google Scholar 

  • LeGeros RZ (2002) Properties of osteoconductive biomaterials: calcium phosphates. Clin Orthop Relat Res 395:81–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Z et al (2005a) Studies on the porous scaffold made of the nano-HA/PA66 composite. J Mater Sci 40:107–110

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li Z et al (2005b) Preparation and in vitro investigation of chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite composite as bone substitute materials. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 16:213–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Li X et al (2006) Chemical characteristics and cytocompatibility of collagen-based scaffold reinforced by chitin fibers for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res 77:219–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Liao SS et al (2004) Hierarchically biomimetic bone scaffold material: nano-HA/collagen/PLA composite. J Biomed Mater Res 69(2):158–165

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Z et al (2007) Supramolecular chemistry on water soluble carbon nanotbues for drug loading and delivery. ACS NANO 1(1):50–56

    Google Scholar 

  • Luong-Van E et al (2006) Controlled release of heparin from poly(epsilon-caprolactone) electrospun fibers. Biomaterials 27(9):2042–2050

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma P, Zhang R (1999) Synthetic nano-scale fibrous extracellular matrix. J Biomed Mater Res 46:60–72

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma Z et al (2005) Potential of nanofiber matrix as tissue-engineering scaffolds. Tissue Eng 11(1–2):101–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Madihally SV, Matthew HW (1999) Porous chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 20(12):1133–1142

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Megeed Z, Winters RM, Yarmush ML (2006) Modulation of single-chain antibody affinity with temperature-responsive elastin-like polypeptide linkers. Biomacromolecules 7(4):999–1004

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mi F-L et al (2002) In vivo biocompatibility and degradability of a novel injectable chitosan based implant. Biomaterials 23(1):181–191

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Motlagh D et al (2007) Hemocompatibility evaluation of poly(diol citrate) in vitro for vascular tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A80(3):661–668

    Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H et al (1999) Preparation of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles by modified spontaneous emulsifcation solvent diffusion method. Int J Pharm 187:143–152

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami H et al (2000) Further application of a modified spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion method to various types of PLGA and PLA polymers for preparation of nanoparticles. Powder Technol 107:137–143

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nerem RM (2003) Role of mechanics in vascular tissue engineering. Biorheology 40:281–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Nie H, Wang C-H (2007) Fabrication and characterization of PLGA/HAp composite scaffolds for delivery of BMP-2 plasmid DNA. J Control Release 120:111–121

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Niklason LE et al (1999) Functional arteries grown in vitro. Science 284(5413):489–493

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishiyama N, Kataoka K (2006) Current state, achievements, and future prospects of polymeric micelles as nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery. Pharmacol Ther 112(3):630–648

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oh JK et al (2007) Biodegradable nanogels prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization as potential drug delivery carriers: synthesis, biodegradation, in vitro release, and bioconjugation. J Am Chem Soc 129(18):5939–5945

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pachence JM, Kohn J (2000) Biodegradable polymers. In: Lanza RP, Langer R, Vacanti J (eds) Principles of tissue engineering. Academic, San Diego, CA, pp 263–277

    Google Scholar 

  • Pego AP et al (2003) Biodegradable elastomeric scaffolds for soft tissue engineering. J Control Release 87:69–79

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perkin KK et al (2005) Fabrication of hybrid nanocapsules by calcium phosphate mineralization of shell cross-linked polymer micelles and nanocages. Nano Lett 5(7):1457–1461

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Petri B et al (2007) Chemotherapy of brain tumour using doxorubicin bound to surfactant-coated poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles: revisiting the role of surfactants. J Control Release 117(1):51–58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pham QP, Sharma U, Mikos AG (2006) Electrospinning of polymeric nanofibers for tissue engineering applications: a review. Tissue Eng 12(5):1197–1211

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qiu H et al (2006) A citric acid-based hydroxyapatite composite for orthopedic implants. Biomaterials 27(34):5845–5854

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raman VI, Palmese GR (2005) Nanoporous thermosetting polymers. Langmuir 21(4):1539–1546

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramay HR, Zhang M (2003) Preparation of porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds by combination of the gel-casting and polymer sponge methods. Biomaterials 24:3293–3302

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramay HR, Zhang M (2004) Biphasic calcium phosphate nanocomposite porous scaffolds for load-bearing bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 25:5171–5180

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ratner BD, Bryant SJ (2004) Biomaterials: where we have been and where we are going. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 6:41–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reguera J et al (2004) Nanopore formation by self-assembly of the model genetically engineered elastin-like polymer [(VPGVG)2(VPGEG)(VPGVG)2]15. J Am Chem Soc 126(41):13212–13213

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rho JY, Kuhn-Spearing L, Zioupos P (1998) Mechanical properties and the hierarchical structure of bone. Med Eng Phys 20:92–102

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryu HS et al (2002) An improvement in sintering property of B-tricalcium phosphate by addition of calcium pyrophosphate. Biomaterials 23:909–914

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sachols E, Gotora D, Czernuszka J (2006) Collagen scaffolds reinforced with biomimetic composite nano-sized carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite crystals and shaped by rapid prototyping to contain internal microchannels. Tissue Eng 12(9):2479–2487

    Google Scholar 

  • Shea LD et al (2000) Engineering bone development from a pre-osteoblast cell line on three-dimensional scaffolds. Tissue Eng 6:605–617

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheridan MH et al (2000) Bioabsorbable polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering capable of sustained growth factor delivery. J Control Release 64(1–3):91–102

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simnick A, Lim DW, Chilkoti A (2007) Biomedical and biotechnological applications of elastin-like polypeptides. J Macromol Sci 47:121–154

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh S, Sinha Ray S (2007) Polylactide based nanostructured biomaterials and their applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 7:2596–2615

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh R et al (2005) Binding and condensation of plasmid DNA onto functionalized carbon nanotubes: toward the construction of nanotube-based gene delivery vectors. J Am Chem Soc 127(12):4388–4396

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Springer I et al (2001) Culture of cells gained from temporomandibular joint cartilage on non-absorbable scaffolds. Biomaterials 22:2569–2577

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taepaiboon P, Rungsardthong U, Supaphol P (2006) Drug-loaded electrospun mats of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibres and their release characteristics of four model drugs. Nanotechnology 17:2317–2329

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Upadhyay DJ et al (2004) A comparative study of the surface activation of polyamides using an air dielectric barrier discharge. Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Aspects 248(1–3):47–56

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urry DW, Pattanaik A (1997) Elastic protein-based materials in tissue reconstruction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 831:32–46

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vacanti JP, Langer R (1999) Tissue engineering: the design and fabrication of living replacement devices for surgical reconstruction and transplantation. Lancet 354:SI32–SI34

    Google Scholar 

  • VandeVord PJ et al (2002) Evaluation of the biocompatibility of a chitosan scaffold in mice. J Biomed Mater Res 59:585–590

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vinogradov SV, Batrakova EV, Kabanov AV (2004) Nanogels for oligonucleotide delivery to the brain. Bioconjug Chem 15(1):50–60

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waldman SD et al (2003) Effect of biomechanical conditioning on cartilaginous tissue formation in vitro. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85A(Suppl 2):101–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang RZ et al (1995) Synthesis of nanophase hydroxyapatite collagen composite. J Mater Sci Lett 14:490–492

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y et al (2002) A tough biodegradable elastomer. Nat Biotechnol 20(6):587–591

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Kim YM, Langer R (2003) In vivo degradation characteristics of poly(glycerol sebacate). J Biomed Mater Res 66A:192–197

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang H et al (2007) Biocompatibility and osteogenesis of biomimetic nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 28:3338–3348

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Webb A, Yang J, Ameer GA (2004) Biodegradable polyester elastomers in tissue engineering. Expert Opin Biol Ther 4(6):801–812

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Webb AR, Kumar V, Ameer GA (2007) Biodegradable poly(diol citrate) nanocomposite elastomers for soft tissue engineering. J Mater Chem 17:900–906

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wei G, Ma PX (2004) Structure and properties of nano-hydroxyapatite/polymer composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 25:4749–4757

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wei G, Ma PX (2006) Macroporous and nanofibrous polymer scaffolds and polymer/bone-like apatite composite scaffolds generated by sugar spheres. J Biomed Mater Res 78:306–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei H et al (2007) Self-assembled, thermosensitive micelles of a star block copolymer based on PMMA and PNIPAAm for controlled drug delivery. Biomaterials 28(1):99–107

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Witzmann FA, Monteiro-Riviere NA (2006) Multi-walled carbon nanotube exposure alters protein expression in human keratinocytes. Nanomedicine 2(3):158–168

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woo KM, Chen VJ, Ma PX (2003) Nano-fibrous scaffolding architecture selectively enhances protein adsorption contributing to cell attachment. J Biomed Mater Res 67:531–537

    Google Scholar 

  • Worle-Knirsch JM, Pulskamp K, Krug HF (2006) Oops they did it again! Carbon nanotubes hoax scientists in viability assays. Nano Lett 6(6):1261–1268

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang S et al (2001) The design of scaffolds for use in tissue engineering. Part I. Traditional factors. Tissue Eng 7(6):679–689

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Webb AR, Ameer GA (2004a) Novel citric acid-based biodegradable elastomers for tissue engineering. Adv Mater 16(6):511–516

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Webb A, Ameer G (2004b) Novel citric acid-based biodegradable elastomers for tissue engineering. Adv Mater 16(6):511–516

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Webb AR, Ameer GA (2005) Biodegradable elastomeric polymers for tissue engineering. In: Mallapragda S, Narasimhan B (eds) Handbook of biodegradable polymeric materials and their applications. American Scientific Publishers, Valencia

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang J et al (2006a) Synthesis and evaluation of poly(diol citrate) biodegradable elastomers. Biomaterials 27(9):1889–1898

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J et al (2006b) Synthesis and evaluation of novel biodegradable elastomeric polyesters. Biomaterials 27:1889–1898

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J et al (2006c) Modulating expanded polytetrafluoroethylene vascular graft host response via citric acid-based biodegradable elastomers. Adv Mater 18(12):1493–1498

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang M, Yunhui Y, Yanli L, Guoli S, Ruqin Yu (2006d) Platinum nanoparticles-doped sol-gel/carbon nanotubes composite electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 21(7):1125–1131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang R, Ma PX (2000) Synthetic nano-fibrillar extracellular matrices with predesigned macroporous architecture. J Biomed Mater Res 52(2):430–438

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang SM et al (2003a) Syntheis and biocompatibility of porous nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate composite. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 14(7):641–645

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang SM et al (2003b) Synthesis and biocompatibility of porous nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/alginate composite. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 14:641–645

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y et al (2005) Recent development of polymer nanofibers for biomedical and biotechnological applications. J Mater Sci Mater Med 16(10):933–946

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang YZ et al (2006) Coaxial electrospinning of (fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated bovine serum albumin)-encapsulated poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibers for sustained release. Biomacromolecules 7(4):1049–1057

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou N, Bates FS, Lodge TP (2006) Mesoporous membrane templated by a polymeric bicontinuous microemulsion. Nano Lett 6(10):2354–2357

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guillermo A. Ameer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Hoshi, R., Webb, A.R., Qiu, H., Ameer, G.A. (2010). Nanocomposites for Regenerative Medicine. In: Shastri, V., Altankov, G., Lendlein, A. (eds) Advances in Regenerative Medicine: Role of Nanotechnology, and Engineering Principles. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8790-4_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics