Abstract
In this chapter we describe the basic relations for four-node shell elements related to the FE approximations, numerical integration, and derivation of the tangent matrix and residual vector. The literature on four-node shell elements is vast, see, e.g., [123, 101, 162, 117, 118, 192, 235, 209, 85, 213, 165, 73, 217, 106, 242, 41, 108, 32, 68, 201, 243, 53], and many others. The finite element method has achieved remarkable sophistication, but also great complexity, see the classical textbooks on FEs, such as [36, 98, 125, 61, 62, 16, 268, 58] and the new ones [160] and [161]. The requirements which new shell elements have to satisfy, are better defined and more demanding than they were some years ago.
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Wiśniewski, K. (2009). Basic relations for four-node shell elements. In: Wiśniewski, K. (eds) Finite Rotation Shells. Lecture Notes on Numerical Methods in Engineering and Sciences. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8761-4_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8761-4_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-8760-7
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-8761-4
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