Abstract
There have been numerous books, monographs, articles, and opinion pieces examining the various roles and responsibilities regarding faculty work (i.e., teaching and advising, research and scholarship, and internal and external service activities). These roles and responsibilities consist of an incredible range of valued and tiered activities that add to the complexity, as well as to the debate, to adequately define and measure faculty workload and productivity, including the influence of culture and technology. The purpose of this chapter was three-fold: to examine the various scholarly approaches within the burgeoning research conducted on faculty workload and productivity, to explore the various conceptual and theoretical frameworks within the empirical research, and to present those motivational or affective responses to the quality of faculty worklife, such as job satisfaction, institutional morale, and the intent to stay in or leave an academic position.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aguirre, A., Jr. (2000). Women and minority faculty in the academic workplace: Recruitment, retention, and academic culture. (ASHE/ERIC Higher Education Research Report, No. 27). Washington, DC: Association for the Study of Higher Education.
Alderfer, C. (1976). An organizational syndrome. Administrative Science Quarterly, 12, 440–460.
Ambrose, S., Huston, T., & Norman, M. (2005). A qualitative method for assessing faculty satisfaction. Research in Higher Education, 46(7), 803–827.
Anderson, T., Varnhagen, S., & Campbell, K. (1998). Faculty adoption of teaching and learning technologies: Contrasting earlier adopters and mainstream faculty. The Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 28(2), 71–98.
Antonio, A. L. (2002). Faculty of color reconsidered: Reassessing contributions to scholarship. The Journal of Higher Education, 73(5), 582–602.
August, L., & Waltman, J. (2004). Culture, climate, and contribution: Career satisfaction among female faculty. Research in Higher Education, 45(2), 177–198.
Austin, A. (1990). Faculty cultures, faculty values. New Directions for Institutional Research, 17(4), 61–74.
Austin, A. E., & Gamson, Z. F. (1983). Academic workplace: New demands, heightened tensions (ASHE/ERIC Higher Education Research Report No. 10). Washington, DC: Association for the Study of Higher Education.
Baldwin, R. C. (1998). Technology’s impact on faculty life and work. In K. H. Gillespie (Ed.), The impact of technology on faculty development, life, and work. New directions for teaching and learning, 1998 (Vol. 76, pp. 7–21). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.
Baldwin, R. L., & Blackburn, R. T. (1981). The academic career as a developmental process: Implications for higher education. Journal of Higher Education, 53(6), 598–614.
Barnes, L. B., Agago, M. O., & Coombs, W. T. (1998). Effects of job-related stress on faculty intention to leave academia. Research in Higher Education, 39(4), 457–469.
Baynes, J. (1967). Morale: A study of men and courage. New York: Praeger.
Beecher, T., & Trowler, P. R. (2001). Academic tribes and territories: Intellectual inquiry and the culture of disciplines (2nd ed.). Buckingham, England: The Society for Research into Higher Education & Open University Press.
Bell, D. (1966). The reforming of general education: The Columbia College experience in its natural setting. New York: Columbia University Press.
Bellas, M. L., & Toutkoushian, R. K. (1999). Faculty time allocations and research productivity: Gender, race, and family effects. The Review of Higher Education. Retrieved August 28, 2008 from Academic Search Premier database.
Benge, E., & Hickey, J. (1984). Morale and motivation: How to measure morale and increase productivity. New York: Franklin Watts.
Berger, A., Kirshstein, R., & Rowe, E. (2001). Institutional policies and practices: Results from the 1999 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty, Institution Survey (NCES 2001–201). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics.
Blackburn, R. T., & Lawrence, J. H. (1995). Faculty at work: Motivation, expectation, satisfaction. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Bland, C. J., Center, B. A., Finstad, D. A., Risbey, K. R., & Staples, J. G. (2005). A theoretical, practical, predictive model of faculty and department research productivity. Academic Medicine, 80(2), 225–237.
Blau, P. M. (1994). The organization of academic work (2nd ed.). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction publishers.
Bluedorn, A. C. (1982a). The theories of turnover: Causes, effects, and meaning. Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 1, 75–128.
Bluedorn, A. C. (1982b). A unified model of turnover from organizations. Human Relations, 35(2), 135–153.
Boice, R. (2000). Advice for new faculty members: Nihil nimus. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Bowen, H. R., & Schuster, J. H. (1986). American professors: A national resource imperiled. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Boyer, E. L. (1990). Scholarship reconsidered: Priorities of the professoriate. Princeton, NJ: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Boyer, E. L., Altbach, P. G., & Whitlaw, M. (1994). The academic profession: An international perspective. Princeton, NJ: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Bronstein, P., & Farnsworth, L. (1998). Gender differences in faculty experiences of interpersonal climate and processes for advancement. Research in Higher Education, 39(5), 557–585.
Cataldi, E. F., Bradburn, E. M., & Fahimi, M. (2005, December). 2004 National study of postsecondary faculty (NSOPF: 04): Background characteristics, work activities, and compensation of instructional faculty and staff: Fall 2003 (NCES 2006-176) [Electronic]. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2006/2006176.pdf
Chait, R. P. (Ed) (2002). The questions of tenure. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Christensen, A. L., Finger, C. A., & Latham, C. K. (2002). New accounting scholars’ publications in accounting and nonaccounting journals. Issues in Accounting Education, 17(3), 233–251.
Clark, B. R. (1972). The organizational saga in higher education. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17(2), 178–184.
Clark, B. R. (1987). The academic life: Small worlds, different worlds. Princeton, NJ: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum.
Des Jarlais, C. D. (1995). Determinants of faculty morale in an American public research university: Gender differences within and between academic departments. Unpublished dissertation, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa (110).
Doherty, J. (1988). Psychological morale: Its Conceptualisation and measurement. The Doherty Inventory of Psychological Morale (DIPM). Educational Studies, 14(1), 65–74.
Dooley, K. E., & Murphrey, T. P. (2000). How the perspectives of administrators, faculty, and support units impact the rate of distance education adoption. Online Journal of Distance Learning Administration, 3(4). Retrieved from http://www.westga.edu/˜distance/ojdla/winter34/dooley34.pdf
Dundar, H., & Lewis, D. R. (1998). Determinants of research productivity in higher education. Research in Higher Education, 39(6), 607–631.
Ehrenberg, R., Kasper, H., & Rees, D. (1990). Faculty turnover at American colleges and universities; Analysis of AAUP data. Economics of Education Review, 10(2), 99–110.
England, P. (1992). Comparable worth: Theories and evidence. New York: Walter de Gruyter, Inc.
Fairweather, J. S. (1996). Faculty work and public trust: Restoring the value of teaching and public service in American academic life. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Fairweather, J. S. (1997). The NEA 1997 almanac of higher education. Washington, DC: National Education Association.
Fairweather, J. S. (2002). The mythologies of faculty productivity: Implications for institutional policy and decision making. The Journal of Higher Education, 73(1), 26–48.
Fairweather, J. S. (2005). Beyond the rhetoric: Trends in the relative value of teaching and research in faculty salaries. The Journal of Higher Education, 76(4), 401–422.
Fairweather, J. S., & Beach, A. L. (2002). Variations in faculty work at research universities: Implications for state and institutional policy. Journal of Higher Education, 26(1), 97–115.
Finkelstein, M. (1984). The status of academic women: An assessment of five competing explanations. Review of Higher Education, 7, 223–246.
Finkelstein, M. J., Seal, R. K., & Schuster, J. H. (1998). The new academic generation: A profession in transformation. Baltimore and London: The John Hopkins University Press.
Fox, M. F. (1992). Research, teaching, and publication productivity: Mutuality versus competition in academia. Sociology of Education, 65(4), 293–305.
Freedman, M., Brown, W., Ralph, N., Shukraft, R., Bloom, M., & Sanford, N. (1979). Academic culture and faculty development. Berkeley, CA: Montaigne Press, Inc.
Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331–362.
Gappa, J. M., Austin, A. E., & Trice, A. G. (2007). Rethinking faculty work: Higher education’s strategic imperative. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Glazer-Raymo, J. (1999). Shattering the myths: Women in academe. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Gruenberg, M. M. (1979). Understanding job satisfaction. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Gueldenzoph, L. E., Guidera, S., Whipple, D., Mertler, C., & Dutton, L. (1999). Faculty use of instructional technology in the university classroom. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 28(2), 121–135.
Hagedorn, L. S. (1996). Wage equity and female faculty satisfaction: The role of wage differentials in a job satisfaction causal model. Research in Higher Education, 37(5), 569–598.
Hagedorn, L. S. (2000). Conceptualizing faculty job satisfaction: Components, theories, and outcomes. New Directions for Institutional Research, 105, 5–20.
Hasselback, J. R., & Reinstein, A. (1995). A proposal for measuring scholarly productivity of accounting faculty. Issues in Accounting Education, 10(2), 269–304.
Hatie, J., & Marsh, H. W. (1996). The relationship between research and teaching: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 66(4), 507–542.
Henry, P. D. (2002). Scholarly use of the Internet by faculty members: Factors and outcomes of change. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 35(1), 49–57.
Herzberg, F. (1966). Work and the nature of man. Cleveland: World Publishing Company.
Houston, D., Meyer, L. H., & Paewai, S. (2006). Academic staff workloads and job satisfaction: Expectations and values in academe. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 28(1), 17–30.
Inman, E., & Mayes, L. (1998). Educational technology: A survey of faculty use and need. Journal of Staff Program and Organization Development, 16(1), 15–20.
Jencks, C., & Riesman, D. (1968). The academic revolution. New York: Doubleday.
Johnson, B. J., & Harvey, W. (2002). The socialization of black faculty: Implications for policy and practice. The Review in Higher Education, 25(3), 297–314.
Johnsrud, L. K. (1996). Maintaining morale: A guide to assessing the morale of midlevel administrators and faculty. Washington, DC: College and University Personnel Association.
Johnsrud, L. K., & Des Jarlais, C. (1994). Barriers to tenure for women and minorities. Review of Higher Education, 17, 335–353.
Johnsrud, L. K., & Edwards, R. L. R. (2001, November). Mediating the intent to leave: The affective responses of midlevel administrators to their worklives. ASHE Annual Meeting Paper, Richmond, VA.
Johnsrud, L. K., & Heck, R. H. (1994). A university’s faculty: Predicting those who stay and those who leave. Journal for higher Education Management, 10(1), 71–83.
Johnsrud, L. K., & Heck, R. H. (1998). Faculty worklife: Establishing benchmarks across groups. Research in Higher Education, 39(5), 539–555.
Johnsrud, L. K., & Rosser, V. R. (2002). Faculty members’ morale and their intention to leave: A multilevel explanation. The Journal of Higher Education, 73(4), 518–542.
Johnsrud, L. K., & Sadao, K. C. (1998). The common experience of “otherness:” Ethnic and racial minority faculty. The Review of Higher Education, 21(4), 315–342.
Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Thoresen, C. J., & Patton, G. K. (2001). The job satisfaction—job performance relationships: A qualitative and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 127(3), 376–407.
Kagima, L. K., & Hausafus, C. O. (2000). Integration of electronic communication in higher education: Contributions of faculty computer self-efficacy. The Internet and Higher Education, 2(4), 221–235.
Kanter, R. M. (1977). Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books.
Kennedy, D. (1997). Academic duty. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Kerlin, S. P., & Dunlap, D. M. (1993). For richer, for poorer: Faculty morale in periods of austerity and retrenchment. The Journal of Higher Education, 64(3), 348–377.
Kleiner, B., Thomas, N., & Lewis, L. (2007). Educational technology in teacher education programs for initial licensure (NCES 2008-040). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education.
Krugman, P. (1990). The age of diminished expectations. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Kuh, G. D., & Whitt, E. J. (1988). The invisible tapestry: Culture in American colleges and universities (Vol. 17). Washington, DC: The George Washington University Graduate School of Education and Human Development.
Lawler, E. E. (1994). Motivation in work organization. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
Lawler, E. E., & Hall, D. T. (1970). Relationship of job characteristics to job involvement, satisfaction, and intrinsic motivation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 54(4), 305–312.
Lawler, E. E., & Porter, L. W. (1967). The effect of performance on job satisfaction. Industrial Relations, 7, 20–28.
Lechuga, V. M. (2008). Assessment, knowledge, and customer service: Contextualizing faculty work at for-profit colleges and universities. The Review of Higher Education, 31(3), 287–307.
Lee, T. W., & Mowday, R. T. (1987). Voluntarily leaving an organization: An empirical investigation of Steers and Mowday’s model of turnover. Academy of Management journal, 30(4), 721–743.
Lindgren, H. C. (1982). Leadership, authority, and power sharing. Malabar, FL: Robert E. Krieger Publishing.
Link, A. N., Swann, C. A., & Bozeman, B. (2008). A time allocation study of university faculty. Economics of Education Review, 27(2008), 363–374.
Linsky, A. S., & Straus, M. A. (1975). Student evaluations, research productivity, and eminence of college faculty. Journal of Higher Education, 46(1), 89–102.
Locke, E. A. (1970). Job satisfaction and job performance: A theoretical analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 5, 484–500.
Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 1297–1349). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Locke, E. A., Fitzpatrick, W., & White, F. M. (1983). Job satisfaction and role clarity among university and college faculty. Review of Higher Education, 6, 343–365.
Madron, T. W., Craig, J. R., & Mendel, R. M. (1976). Departmental morale as a function of the perceived performance of department heads. Research in Higher Education, 5, 83–94.
Maher, J. (1971). Job enrichment, performance, and morale in a simulated factory. In J. Maher (Ed.), New perspectives in job enrichment. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
Mamiseishvili, K., & Rosser, V. J.. (2010a) International and citizen faculty in the United States: An examination of their productivity at research universities. Research in Higher Education, 51(1), 88–107.
Mamiseishvili, K., & Rosser, V. J. (2010b). Examining the relationship between faculty productivity and job satisfaction. Journal of the Professorate, 5(2) (forthcoming).
Manger, T., & Eikeland, O. (1990). Factors predicting staff’s intention to leave the university. Higher Education, 59(3), 281–291.
Massey, W., & Wilger, A. (1995). Improving productivity: What faculty think about it—and its effect on quality. Change, 27, 10–21.
Matier, M. W. (1990). Retaining faculty: A tale of two campuses. Research in Higher Education, 31, 39–60.
McKeachie, W. J. (1979). Perspectives from psychology: Financial incentives are ineffective for faculty. In D. R. Lewis & W. E. Becker, Jr. (Eds.), Academic rewards in higher education (pp. 3–20). Cambridge, MA: Balinger.
Medina, C., & Luna, G. (2000). Narratives from Latina professors in higher education. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 31(4), 47–66.
Menges, R. J., & Exum, W. H. (1983). Barriers to the progress of women and minority faculty. Journal of Higher Education, 54(2), 123–144.
Meyer, K. (1998) Faculty workload studies: Perspectives, needs, and future directions (ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report, Vol. 26, No. 1). Washington, DC: The George Washington University, School of Education and Human Development.
Middaugh, M. F. (2001). Understanding faculty productivity: Standards and benchmarks for colleges and universities. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Mitra, A., Hazen, M. D., LaFrance, B., & Rogan, R. G. (1999). Faculty use and non-use of electronic mail: Attitudes, expectations and profiles. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 4(3), 1–21.
Mobley, W. H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62, 237–240.
Olsen, D. (1993). Work satisfaction and stress in the first and third year of academic appointment. Journal of Higher Education, 64(4), 453–471.
Olsen, D., Maple, S., & Stage, F. K. (1995). Women and minority faculty job satisfaction: Professional role interests, professional satisfactions, and institutional fit. The Journal of Higher Education, 66(3), 267–293.
Olsen, D., & Near, J. P. (1994). Role conflict and faculty satisfaction. The Review of higher Education, 17(2), 179–195
Park, S. M. (1996). Research, teaching, and service: Why shouldn’t women’s work count? Journal of Higher Education, 67(1), 46–84.
Patchen, M. (1970). Participation, achievement, and involvement on the job. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Perna, L. W. (2001a). Sex differences in faculty salaries: A cohort analysis. The Review of Higher Education, 24(3), 283–307.
Perna, L. W. (2001b). Sex and race differences in faculty tenure and promotion. Research in Higher Education, 42(5), 541–567.
Plater, W. M. (1995). Future work: Faculty time in the 21st century. Change, 27(3), 22–33.
Porter, S. R., & Umbach, P. D. (2001). Analyzing faculty workload data using multilevel modeling. Research in Higher Education, 42(2), 171–196.
Price, J. L. (1977). The study of turnover. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
Rice, R. (1986). The academic profession in transition: Toward a new social fiction. Teaching Sociology, 14, 12–23.
Rice, E. R., & Austin, A. E. (1988). Faculty morale: what exemplary colleges do right? Change, 20(2), 51–58.
Rosser, V. J. (2003). Review essay: Preparing and socializing new faculty members. The Review of Higher Education, 26(3), 387–395.
Rosser, V. J. (2004a). Faculty members’ intentions to leave: A national study on their worklife and satisfaction. Research in Higher Education, 45(3), 285–309.
Rosser, V. J. (2004b). Professional and academic socialization and mentoring: Imperatives for doctoral education. Educational Perspectives, 37(2), 28–33.
Rosser, V. J. (2005). Measuring the change in faculty perceptions over time: An examination of their worklife and satisfaction. Research in Higher Education, 46(1), 81–107.
Sabrin, M. (2002). A ranking of the most productive business ethics scholars: A five-year study. Journal of Business Ethics, 36, 355–379.
Sax, L. J., Hagedorn, L. S., Arredondo, M., & Dicrisi F. A., III. (2002). Faculty research productivity: Exploring the role of gender and family-related factors. Research in Higher Education, 43(4), 423–446.
Schiele, J. (1992). Disparities between African–American women and men on social work of faculty. Affilia, 7, 44–56.
Schuster, J. H., & Finkelstein, M. J. (2006). The American faculty: The restructuring of academic work and careers. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins.
Smart, J. C. (1990). A causal model of faculty turnover intentions. Research in Higher Education, 31(5), 405–424.
Smith, M. C., Locke, S. G., Boisse, S. J., Gallagher, P. A., Krengel, L. E., & Kuczek, J. E. (1998). Productivity of educational psychologists in educational psychology journals, 1991–1996. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 23(2), 173–181.
Smith, M. C., Plant, M., Carney, R. N., Stein Arnold, C., Jackson, A., Johnson, L. S., et al. (2003). Productivity of educational psychologists in educational psychology journals, 1997–2001. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 28(3), 422–430.
Spector, J. M. (2005). Time demands in online instruction. Distance Education, 26(1), 5–27.
Spotts, T. H., & Bowman, M. A. (1995). Faculty use of instructional technology in higher education. Educational Technology, 35, 55–64.
Spotts, T. H., Bowman, M. A., & Mertz, C. (1997). Gender and use of instructional technologies: A study of university faculty. Higher Education, 34(4), 421–436.
Steers, R. M., & Mowday, R. T. (1981). Employee turnover and post-decision accommodation processes. In L. L. Cummings & B. M. Staw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (3, pp. 235–281). Greenwich, Conn: JAI Press.
Tabata, L., & Johnsrud, L. (2008). The impact of faculty attitudes toward technology, distance education, and innovation. Research in Higher Education, 49(7), 625–646.
Tack, M. W., & Patitu, C. L. (1992) Women and minorities in peril (ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report No. 4). Washington, DC: The George Washington University, School of Education and Human Development.
Tierney, W. G. (1991). Academic work and institutional culture: Constructing knowledge. The Review of Higher Education, 14(2), 199–216.
Tierney, W. G., & Bensimon, E. M. (1996). Promotion and tenure: Community and socialization in academe. New York: State University of New York Press.
Tierney, W. G., & Rhoads, R. A. (1993). Faculty socialization as a cultural process: A mirror of institutional commitment. Washington, DC: The George Washington University, School of Education and Human Development.
Townsend, B. K., & Rosser, V. J. (2007). Workload issues and measures of faculty productivity. Thought & Action, 23(Fall), 7–20.
Townsend, B. K., & Rosser, V. J. (2009). The extent and nature of scholarly activities among community college faculty. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 33(9), 669–681.
Turner, C. S. V. (2002). Women of color in academe: Living with multiple marginality. The Journal of Higher Education, 73(1), 74–93.
Turner, C. S. V., & Myers, S. L. (2000). Faculty of color in academe: Bittersweet success. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Valian, V. (1999). Why so slow? The advancement of women. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Press.
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: Wiley.
Warburton, E., Chen, X., & Bradburn, E. M. (2002). Teaching with technology: Use of telecommunication technology by postsecondary instructional faculty and staff in Fall 1998 (NCES 2002-161). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics.
Weiler, W. C. (1985). Why do faculty members leave the university? Research in Higher Education, 23(3), 270–277.
Wesbrook, S. D. (1980). Morale, proficiency and discipline. Journal of Political and Military Sociology, 8(Spring), 43–54.
Williams, D. T., Olswang, S. G., & Hargett, G. R. (1986). A matter of degree: Faculty morale as a function of involvement in institutional decisions during times of financial distress. Review of Higher Education, 9(3), 287–301.
Wofford, J. C. (1971). Managerial behavior, situational factors, and productivity and morale. Administrative Science Quarterly, 16, 10–17.
Wong, M. P. A., & Tierney, W. G. (2001). Reforming faculty work: Culture, structure, and the dilemma of organizational change. Teachers College Board, 103(6), 1081–1101.
Wyche, K., & Graves, S. (1992). Minority women in academia: Access and barriers to professional participation. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 16, 429–437.
Xu, Y. J. (2008a). Gender disparity in STEM disciplines: A study of faculty attrition and turnover intentions. Research in Higher Education, 49, 607–624.
Xu, Y. J. (2008b). Faculty turnover: Discipline-specific attention is warranted. Research in Higher Education, 49, 40–61.
Xu, Y. J., & Meyer, K. A. (2007). Factors explaining faculty technology use and productivity. The Internet and Higher Education, 10(1), 41–52.
Zeitz, G. (1983). Structural and individual determinants of organizational morale and satisfaction. Social Forces, 61(4), 1088–1108.
Zhou, Y., & Volkwein, J. F. (2004). Examining the influences on faculty departure intentions: A comparison of tenured versus nontenured faculty at research universities using NSOPF: 99. Research in Higher Education, 45(2), 139–176.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rosser, V.J., Tabata, L.N. (2010). An Examination of Faculty Work: Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks in the Literature. In: Smart, J. (eds) Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research. Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research, vol 25. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8598-6_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8598-6_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-8597-9
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-8598-6
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawEducation (R0)