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Chapter 22 Regulation of Photosynthetic Electron Transport

  • Chapter
The Chloroplast

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 31))

Summary

The photosynthetic machinery of plants has two conflicting functions. It has to perform at maximum efficiency under light-limited conditions, but has to avoid photo-damage when the incoming light energy exceeds the capacity for utilization. To survive in the field and compete with other species, it is essential for plants to develop multiple strategies for responding to fluctuating light conditions. Thermal dissipation is triggered by acidification of the thylakoid lumen, which allows absorbed excessive light energy to be discarded as heat from photosystem II. The alternative electron transport pathways, photosystem I cyclic electron transport and the water-water cycle, are thought to regulate the induction of thermal dissipation. In higher plants, PSI cyclic electron transport consists of two partly redundant pathways: the PGR5- and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase-dependent pathways. On the other hand, state transition regulates the balance of excitation between the two photosystems by monitoring the reduction level of the plastoquinone pool. Recent genetic investigations have contributed to identifying mutants specifically defective in each pathway, making it possible to evaluate their physiological significance. However, the actual regulatory system is likely to consist of complex interactions between each component, and unfortunately our knowledge is still limited to discussing this network rather than the molecular details.

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Abbreviations

AOX:

alternative oxidase

CCD:

charge-coupled device

crr2 :

chlororespiratory reduction 2

cyt :

cytochrome

Fd:

ferredoxin

FNR:

ferredoxin-NADP+ oxidoreductase

LHCII:

light harvesting complex II

hcf :

high chlorophyll fluorescence

MDA:

monodehydroascorbate

MDAR:

monodehydroascorbate reductase

NDH:

NAD(P)H dehydrogenase

NPQ:

non-photochemical quenching

PAM:

pulse-amplitude modulation

pgr5 :

proton gradient regulation 5

pgrl1 :

proton gradient regulation 5-like 1

PPR :

pentatricopeptide repeat

PQ:

plastoquinone

PSI and PSII:

photosystem I and II

PTOX:

plastid terminal oxidase

qE, qT, qI:

quenching depending on thylakoid energization, state transition and photoinhibition

qP:

photochemical quenching

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

Rubisco:

ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

RuBP:

ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

stt7:

state transition deficient mutant 7

UV:

ultraviolet

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant-in-aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (16085296) and for Creative Scientific Research (17GS0316) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan.

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  1. Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Toshiharu Shikanai

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  1. Toshiharu Shikanai
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Correspondence to Toshiharu Shikanai .

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  1. Rebeiz Foundation for Basic Research, Champaign, USA

    Constantin A. Rebeiz

  2. Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA

    Christoph Benning

  3. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA

    Hans J. Bohnert

  4. Central Florida University, Orlando, USA

    Henry Daniell

  5. Arizona State University, Tempe, USA

    J. Kenneth Hoober

  6. University of Karlsruhe, Germany

    Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler

  7. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, USA

    Archie R. Portis

  8. Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    Baishnab C. Tripathy

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Shikanai, T. (2010). Chapter 22 Regulation of Photosynthetic Electron Transport. In: Rebeiz, C.A., et al. The Chloroplast. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 31. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8531-3_22

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