Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of mortality worldwide. It is highly associated with tobacco smoking and toxins from tobacco smoke are known to increase the risk of lung cancer, in particular adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma of the lung is a stepwise accumulation of genetic abnormalities with morphological differences seen in the cytology and histology of atypical alveolar hyperplasia, bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and invasive adenocarcinoma. Multiple molecular pathways, in example loss of heterozygosity of tumor suppressor genes, chromosome breakage, deletions, nucleotide changes, amplification and hypermethylation are found in the stepwise progression of lung cancer. The recognition of proliferation markers and molecular pathways in the stepwise progression of lung cancer may allow for earlier detection and better therapy response for patients with pre-neoplastic or frank lung cancer.
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Aufman, J., Khalil, F. (2010). Carcinogenesis of Lung Cancer. In: Coppola, D. (eds) Mechanisms of Oncogenesis. Cancer Growth and Progression, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3725-1_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3725-1_14
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