Abstract
The use of 3D data in face image processing applications received increased attention during the recent years. However, the development of efficient 3D face processing applications (i.e face recognition) relies on the availability of appropriate 3D scanning technology that enables real time, accurate, non-invasive and low cost 3D data acquisition. 3D scanners currently available do not fulfill the necessary criteria. As an alternative to using 3D scanners, 3D face reconstruction techniques, capable of generating a 3D face from a single or multiple face images, can be used. Although numerous 3D reconstruction techniques were reported in the literature so far the performance of such algorithms was not evaluated in a systematic approach. In this paper we describe a 3D face reconstruction performance evaluation framework that can be used for assessing the performance of 3D face reconstruction techniques. This approach is based on the projection of a set of existing 3D faces into 2D using different orientation parameters, and the subsequent reconstruction of those faces. The comparison of the actual and reconstructed faces enables the definition of the reconstruction accuracy and the investigation of the sensitivity of an algorithm to different conditions. The use of the proposed framework is demonstrated in evaluating the performance of two 3D reconstruction techniques.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Atick, J.J., Griffin, P.A., Redlich, N.A.,. Statistical approach to shape from shading: Reconstruction of 3D face surfaces from single 2d images. Neural Computation. Vol. 8, 1996, pp. 1321-1340.
Blanz, V., Vetter, T., A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces. ACM Siggraph. 1999, pp. 187-194.
Blanz, V., Mehl, A., Vetter, T., Seidel, H. A statistical method for robust 3d surface reconstruction from sparse data. Proc. of Int. Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization and Transmission, 2004.
Bowyer K.W, Chang K., and Flynn P., “A survey of approaches and challenges in 3d and multi-modal 3d+2d face recognition,” Computer Vision and Image Understanding. vol. 101, no. 1, 2006, pp. 1–15.
Cootes, T.F., Edwards, G.J., Taylor, C.J,. Active Appearance Models. IEEE Transactions of Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23, 2001, pp 681-685.
Dryden, L. Mardia, K.V,. Statistical Shape Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, 1998.
Hu, Y., Jiang, D., Yan, S., Zhang, L., Zhang, H,. Automatic 3D reconstruction for face recognition. IEEE Int. Conf. on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004.
Lanitis A, Stylianou,, Reconstructing 3D faces in Cultural Heritance Applications. 14th International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia VSMM, (Full Paper). 2008.
Leclercq, P., Liu J., Woodward A., Delmas, P., 2004. Which stereo matching algorithm for accurate 3d face creation?, Int. Workshop on Combinatorial Image Analysis, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2004.
Lee, J., Moghaddam, B., Pfister, H., Machiraju, R,. Silhouette-based 3D face shape recovery. Graphics Interface, 2003.
Lee, J., Machiraju, R., Pfister, H., Moghaddam, B.. Estimation of 3D faces and illumination from single photographs using a bilinear illumination model. Proc. of the Eurographics Symposium on Rendering Techniques. 2005, pp. 73-82.
Reiter, M., Donner, R., Langs, G., Bischof, H. Estimation of face depth maps from color textures using canonical Correlation. Computer Vision Winter Workshop, 2006.
Romdhani, S,. Face Image Analysis using a Multiple Features Fitting Strategy. Ph.D. thesis, University of Basel, 2005.
Stylianou G, Lanitis A, 3D Face and Related Applications. Technical Report, Cyprus European University, December 2007.
Stylianou G, Lanitis A, Image Based 3D Face Reconstruction: A Survey. To appear in the International Journal of Image and Graphics, 2008.
Wang, Y., Chua, C. Face recognition from 2d and 3d images using 3d gabor filters. Image and Vision Computing, vol. 23, no. 11, 2005, pp. 1018–1028.
Wen Z. and Huang T.S, 3d face processing, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lanitis, A., Stylianou, G. (2010). Evaluating the Performance of 3D Face Reconstruction Algorithms. In: Sobh, T. (eds) Innovations and Advances in Computer Sciences and Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3658-2_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3658-2_27
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-3657-5
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-3658-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)