Abstract
Classical phenomenological description of nucleation is based on the capillarity approximation treating all droplets (clusters) as if they were macroscopic objects characterized by a well defined rigid boundary of radius \(R\) with a bulk liquid density inside \(R\) and bulk vapor density outside \(R\). Moreover, the surface free energy of the cluster is the same as for the planar interface at the same temperature, and therefore is characterized by the planar surface tension.
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Notes
- 1.
Historically the DFT in the theory of fluids originates from the quantum mechanical ideas formulated by Hohenberg and Kohn [4] and Kohn and Sham [5]; these authors showed that the intrinsic part of the ground state energy of an inhomogeneous electron liquid can be cast in the form of a unique functional of the electron density \(\rho _e(\mathbf{r})\). By doing so the quantum many-body problem—the solution of the many-electron Shrödinger equation—is replaced by a variational one-body problem for an electron in an effective potential field.
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Kalikmanov, V.I. (2013). Density Functional Theory. In: Nucleation Theory. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 860. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3643-8_5
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